基于ATmega单片机的直流电机控制资料.doc

PAGE  PAGE 15 青岛科技大学 开放实验报告 院校： 专业：电气工程及其自动化 年级：13级1班 实验名称:基于Atmega16.单片机直流电机控制实验 姓名： 学号： 同组者姓名： 同组者学号： 指导教师： 基于ATmega16单片机的直流电机控制 摘要：随着时代的进步和科技的发展，电机调速系统在工农业生产、交通运输以及日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，因此，对电机调速的研究有着积极的意义.长期以来，直流电机被广泛应用于调速系统中，而且一直在调速领域占居主导地位，这主要是因为直流电机不仅调速方便，而且在磁场一定的条件下，转速和电枢电压成正比，转矩容易被控制；同时具有良好的起动性能，能较平滑和经济地调节速度。因此采用直流电机调速可以得到良好的动态特性。由于直流电动机具有优良的起、制动性能，宜与在广泛范围内平滑调速。在轧钢机、矿井卷机、挖掘机、金属切削机床、造纸机、高层电梯等领域中得到广泛应用。近年来交流调速系统发展很快，然而直流控制系统毕竟在理论上和在时间上都比较成熟，而且从反馈闭环控制的角度来看，它又是交流系统的基础，长期以来，由于直流调速系统的性能指标优于交流调速系统。因此，直流调速系统一直在调速系统领域内占重要位置。 关键字：直流电机 调速 Based on ATmega16 single chip microcomputer control of dc motor Abstract: with the progress of era and the development of science and technology, motor speed control system in industrial and agricultural production, transportation and daily life is playing a more and more important role, therefore, the study of motor speed regulation has a positive meaning. For a long time, the dc motor is widely applied to speed regulation system, and has been occupy dominant position in the field of speed adjustment, mainly because the dc motor speed regulation not only convenient, and in certain conditions, the magnetic field is proportional to the speed and the armature voltage, torque is easy to control;Has a good starting performance at the same time, can adjust the speed is relatively smooth and economically.So the dc motor speed control can get good dynamic characteristic.Due to the dc motor has excellent starting and braking performance, appropriate and smooth speed regulation in wide scope.In the rolling mill, mine winder, excavator, metal cutting machine, paper machine, is widely used in high-level elevator, etc.Ac speed regulating system develops very fast in recent years, however, dc control system in theory and in time, after all, are mature, and from the feedback closed-loop control point of view, it is the basis of communication system, for a long time, because of the performance index is better than that of ac speed regulati