第一章 绪论与微生物的分类 2.pptVIP

;;;Microbes around us;Microbes around us;Microbes around us;Beer;Microbes around us;Agaricus bisporus (双孢蘑菇), the most common commercial mushroom of the Western world.;Shiitake (Lentinus edulus香菇), the most common commercial mushroom of the Far East.;Microbes around us;PCR (polymerase chain reaction);1347年，欧洲爆发瘟疫-鼠疫，鼠疫杆菌，1/3欧洲人口（约2500万）死亡，此后80年，共导致75%欧洲人口死亡 2003年，全球爆发非典型性肺炎SARS，引发恐慌。据报道英国最近出现新型SARS病毒病例？ 艾滋病：AIDS，现在全球蔓延 乙肝：中国人1/10带毒（表抗阳性）？;已被“消灭”的传染病卷土重来：肺结核（WHO：已成人类头号杀手，全球近1/3人口已感染结核杆菌），霍乱（一种烈性肠道传染病，属甲类传染病，由霍乱弧菌污染水和食物引起传播，临床上以起病急骤、剧烈泻吐、排泄大量米泔水样肠内容物、脱水、少尿和无尿为特征，严重者可因休克、尿毒症或酸中毒而死亡，在医疗水平低下和治疗措施不力的情况下，病死率很高）;出现以前从未有过的新疾病：疯牛病，大肠杆菌0157（肠出血），霍乱0139新菌型，埃博拉病毒（Ebola virus）病（一种急性出血性传染病，通过血液和排泄物传播，临床表现急性起病发热，肌痛出血皮疹和肝肾功能损害），军团病（嗜肺军团杆菌，急性呼吸道传染病，1976年美国费城召开退伍军人大会时暴发流行而得名）等;Microbes around us;课程介绍;Lectures (64 hours, 微生物学1 32学时+微生物学2 32学时) Laboratory exercises (32 hours , 微生物学1 16学时+微生物学2 16学时);;Lectures (48 hours) Laboratory exercises (24 hours);;⑵ 教材与参考资料;参考书;Other references (不作要求);网 站;⑶ 考试 (生物工程);⑶ 考试 (生物技术);微生物学实验;微生物学实验A;微生物学实验1;微生物学实验2;实验成绩构成;实验时间安排（生物技术专业）;实验时间安排（生物工程专业）;;Chapter 1 Introduction to Microbiology and Taxonomy of Microorganisms（第1章 绪论与微生物的分类）;1 The Scope of Microbiology;Microorganisms are living things that are too small to be seen without magnification (with naked eye), including: bacteria, archaea, fungi, viruses, protozoa, and algae. sometimes called microbes, germs… Microorganisms are microscopic living things, while plants and animals are macroscopic living things.;Microbiology is the study of microorganisms — living things that are too small to be seen without magnification, involving study in numerous areas, including their structure, function, nutrition, growth, ecology, taxonomy, metabolism, genetics, immunology, etc.;1.2 Major Groups of Microorganisms;1.2 Major Groups of Microorganisms;学科: Basic microbiology Applied microbiology ;Basic microbiology;Applied microbiology;Two outstanding features of study of microbiology;2 The Impact of