外语学院精品课程《英语语言学》.pptVIP

Chapter Seven Language, Culture, and Society Outline 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Varieties of language 7.3 Standard dialect 7.4 Pidgin and Creole 7.5 Bilingualism and diglossia 7.6 Task 7.1 Introduction 7.1.1 Definitions Sociolinguistics: Sociolinguistics is the sub-field of linguistics that studies the relation between language and society, between the uses of language and the social structures in which the users of language live. Dai and He, 2002, p. 111 Sociolinguistics is the field that studies the relation between language and society, between the uses of language and the social structures in which the users of language live. It is a field of study that assumes that human society is made up of many related patterns and behaviours, some of which are linguistic. Spolsky, 2000, p. 3 Sociolinguistics: the study of linguistic behavior as determined by sociocultural factors. Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary: / cgi-bin/dictionary?book Dictionaryva sociolinguistics The study of language and linguistic behavior as influenced by social and cultural factors. /search?q sociolinguistics Sociolinguistics is the study of the effect of any and all aspects of society, including cultural norms, expectations, and context, on the way language is used. Wikipedia: /topic/sociolinguistics 7.1.2 Language and society Social factors must be included in description of language and language use. Language is not only used to communicate meaning, but also maintain social relationships. What and how we speak may reflect ourselves. Lexicon reflects both physical and the social environments of a society. Judgments on language may vary among linguists and ordinary people. 7.1.3 Speech community and speech variety General linguists and sociolinguists look at speech community differently. In a speech community there are different kinds of social groups which are divided in different ways educational background, occupation, gender, age, ethnic affiliation Speech variety: any distinguishabl