测控专业英语翻译副本重点.doc

PAGE  PAGE 13 吉林化工学院信息与控制工程学院 外文翻译 学生学号 学生姓名：张忠华 专业班级：测控1102 指导教师：刘麒 职 称： 起止日期：2014.3.11～2014.3.17 吉 林 化 工 学 院 Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology Measurement,Control and Instrumentation Instrumentation is defined as the art and science of measurement and control. Instrumentation engineers are responsible for controlling a whole system like a power plant. An instrument is a device that measures and/or regulates process variables such as flow, temperature, level, or pressure. Instruments include many varied contrivances that can be as simple as valves and transmitters, and as complex as analyzers. Instruments often comprise control systems of varied processes such as refineries, factories, and vehicles. The control of processes is one of the main branches of applied instrumentation. Instrumentation can also refer to handheld devices that measure some desired variable. Diverse handheld instrumentation is common in laboratories, but can be found in the household as well. For example, a smoke detector is a common instrument found in most western homes. Output instrumentation includes devices such as solenoids, valves, regulators, circuit breakers, and relays. These devices control a desired output variable, and provide either remote or automated control capabilities. These are often referred to as final control elements when controlled remotely or by a control system. Transmitters are devices that produce an output signal, often in the form of a 4～20mA electrical current signal, although many other options using voltage, frequency, pressure, or ethernet are possible. This signal can be used for informational purposes, or it can be sent to a PLC, DCS, SCADA system, LabView or other type of computerized controller, where it can be interpreted into readable values and used to control other devices and processes in the system. Control Instrumentation plays a significant role in both