B4U1-grammar主谓一致调研报告.ppt

Dear Mary, Your letter ______ received, and not only I but also my students ______reading your letter. In our opinions, what you said about Jane Goodall ______ really inspiring. Therefore, I, as well as the whole class, ______ going to help you to write something about her. However, some information and writing skills ______ needed if we want to make a better description of her, and we will give you a good description after our class!;Subject – verb agreement 主 谓 一 致 ;主谓一致;1．意义一致原则;一、并列主语的主谓一致： 1．两个单数名词用and连接，表示两个不同的概念时，谓语动词用复数。 Steam and ice are different forms of water. 2．两个单数名词用and连接，表示同一个人或同一件物或同一个概念时，或表示不可分开的整体时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： The singer and dancer is going to attend our evening party. The singer and the dancer are close friends.;一、并列主语的主谓一致： 3. 由and 连接的从句结构做主语时，要根据意义一致原则决定谓语动词的数。既表示两个不同的概念时，谓语动词用复数。表示同一个概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。 What he says and does do not agree. When and where we should go on holiday has not been decided yet.;1.如果主语是不定式，动词-ing形式或主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。;二、某些名词作主语时的主谓一致 1．有些集体名词如：crowd，family，team，orchestra(管弦乐队)，group，government，committee，class，school，union，firm，staff，public等，它们作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式，如果强调个体，则谓语动词用复数形式。 例如： His family is a big family. 他家是个大家庭。 His family are very well. 他的家人都很健康。 The public is/are requested not to leave litter in the park. 公众不准在公园扔垃圾。;二、某些名词作主语时的主谓一致 2. 有些名词形式上是复数，而意义上却是单数。如：news，means，works 还有许多以ics结尾的学科名称，如：economics，physics，mechanics，politics等， 还有国名，书名等，如The Times, 它们作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 例如：Politics is a complicated business. Here is the news. 3. trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数。 （注意：单复数同形，如fish，sheep，Chinese，Japanese等，谓语动词单复数根据句意决定）;二、某些名词作主语时的主谓一致 4. 由“the＋adj.”结构作主语表示某一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式；如果表示某个人时谓语动词用单数形式。如： The old are taken good care of in our society. The wounded was taken to a hospital at once.;三、数词和量词作主语时的主谓一致 1．表示时间，重量、距离、价值等名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。例如： Twenty miles is a long way to walk. Ten years is a long period to him. ;2．语法一致原则;一、并列主语的主谓一致： 1.用and连接的单数主语，前面有限定词each，every，many a，no等修饰时，谓语动词要用单数