第二章 环境化学.ppt

第二章大气环境化学;第一节大气层结构特点、组成及主要污染物;Atmospheric Composition;一、大气温度层结;;对流层 Troposphere 高度为11~12km；温度变化特点是：通常0.6K/100 m；气体垂直运动激烈；含有大气全部质量的3/4和几乎全部水气，复杂的天气现象。(15 ℃~-56 ℃) ;;atmospheric pressure;Mass of the atmosphere;Pressure profile;Barometric law;Expressing the amount of substances in the atmosphere;Mixing Ratio;Conversion between ppm and μ g/m3;Pressure unit and R Constant: P= 1.01325x10^5 pascal R= 8.314 J/k.mol for P in Pa and volume in m3;Conversion between ppm and μ g/m3;ppm in solution vs. ppm as mixing ratio for airborne substances;第二节大气中污染物的迁移;污染物在大气中的迁移是指由污染源排放出来的污染物由于空气的运动使其传输和分散的过