仪表等级飞行员理论培训stage3-214BWXHAZARDS分析.ppt

Radiation/Ground Fog Advection Fog Precipitation-Induced Fog Upslope Fog Stratus Clouds are Sign of Temp Inversion Restrictions to Visibility Icing Induction icing Carburetor air intake About -7°C (20°F) to 21°C (70°F) Relative humidity above 80%… But… Structural icing Rime ice - instantaneous freezing of tiny water droplets on aircraft surface. Clear ice - large water droplets, meaning fastest rate of accumulation. Mixed ice is combination of both Effects of Ice Increase drag and weight Decrease lift and effective thrust Structural icing can form: Visible moisture Temp or water or aircraft