初高中衔接教学案句子成分.docVIP

初高中衔接语法复习 编号1 句子和句子成分 编写人：刘德刚 审稿人：张丽珍 I. 课前自学 一．自学材料 简单句：只有一个主语和谓语动词的句子称为简单句。简单句分五种基本句式和There be句式。（说明：S 主语；V 谓语；P 表语；O 宾语；IO 间接宾语；DO 直接宾语；C 宾语补足语） Question: 你认为划分句子成分时，应首先找出什么成分 主语/谓语/宾语/定语/状语 ? 1. 主谓结构（S+V） 说明：此句式中V是不及物动词vi Eg: The gas has given out. Plants grow well all the year round. Ex: 1 他们听得很仔细。_________________________________________ 2 我的墨水用完了。_____________________________________________ 2. 主系表结构（S+V+P） 说明：此句式中V是系动词link v.，常见的有: be, look, seem, appear, sound, feel, taste, smell, grow, get, stand, become, turn等 Eg: He is older than he looks. He seems interested in the book. Ex: 完成句子： 1 刘谦是个魔术师。Liu Qian _________ a music. 2 你长的比以前高了。You _______________ taller than before. 3 花闻起来香甜。The flowers ____________ sweet and nice. 3. 主谓宾结构（S+V+O） 说明：此句式中V是及物动词或短语，后面必须跟宾语 Eg: I saw a film yesterday. The man is looking for his own chair. Have you read the story. Ex: 汉译英： 1 他们在村里建了一座工厂。________________________________________ 2 你应当照看好你的孩子。______________________________________ 4. 主谓双宾语 间接宾语和直接宾语 结构（S+V+IO+DO） 说明V是及物动词，常见的跟双宾语的动词有give, ask, bring, offer, send, pay, lend, show, tell, borrow, buy, get, rob, warn等 Eg: He gave me a book/a book to me. Mother bought me a book/a book for me. Ex: 改写句子 改为：主语+谓语+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语 ： 1 He brought me a pen. _________________________________ 2 Please do me a favor. __________________________________ 5. 主谓宾补结构 S+V+O+C V是带宾语补足语的及物动词，做补足语的词有名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，现在分词，过去分词等 Eg: They made the girl angry. They named the boy Charlie. Ex: 完成句子 1）我发现他出去了。 I found her __________. 2）他们感觉汽车行驶的很快。 They felt the car ___________。 3 我刚才听到玻璃碎了。 I heard the glass ___________ just now. 6. There be句型 Eg: There is a book on the desk. There are too many people for me to talk with. Ex: 汉译英： 1）屋子里有一张桌子两把椅子。_______________________________________ 2 没有必要那么匆忙去车站。___________________________________________. 二、句子成分 1、定语 修饰名词或代词 Guilin is a beautiful city. China is a developing country. He is our maths teacher. His mother is teaching thi