营养物质和光照对玉米种子生长的影响要点.docxVIP

植物生理学实验论文 营养物质和光照对玉米种子生长的影响 二级学院 中药学院 专 业 中药资源与开发 班 级 13级 学生姓名 林可盛 学 号 1306508164 指导教师 营养物质和光照对玉米种子生长的影响 摘要：玉米是重要的粮食作物，玉米的生长离不开矿质元素。研究植物营养缺素可作为进行植物形态诊断合理施肥的重要依据。为研究营养物质对玉米生长的影响，本实验以玉米种子为材料，在萌发期和生长期对其进行分别处理，变量为培养液是否具有营养物质以及光照条件。通过鲜重，株高等指标对玉米种子进行研究。结果表明：1.对照组与处理组的玉米株高，鲜重具有明显的差异, 处理萌发后第3天玉米幼苗长度开始出现差异，对照组株高小于于处理组，处理组株高高于对照组2.6 cm；2.对照组与处理组间营养物质含量出现显著差异,处理组重对照组约0.3g。结论：由大量元素组成的营养液对玉米种子的生长有着明显的作用，光照条件则对玉米种子的生长萌发并无太大影响。 关键词：玉米；营养物质；株高；株重 注：本论文（设计）题目来源于教师的国家级（或省部级、厅级、市级、校级、企业）科研项目，项目编号为： 。 Effects of nutrients and light on the growth of maize seed Abstract: Maize is an important food crop, and the growth of corn can not be separated from mineral elements. The study of plant nutrient deficiency can be used as an important basis for the diagnosis of plant morphology. In order to study the effects of nutrients on the growth of maize, the maize seeds were treated as materials, and the variable was the nutrient and light conditions. The seed of maize was studied by fresh weight and plant height. The results showed that: 1 control group and treatment group were significantly different, and the length of third days after treatment was different, the control group was higher than that of control group, and the treatment group was significantly higher than that in control group 2.6 cm, 2 in control group and treatment group were significantly different. Conclusion: nutrient solution made by a large number of elements has a significant effect on the growth of maize seeds, and the germination of maize seeds is not affected by the light conditions. Key Words: Corn nutrition plant height plant weight 前言 玉米是我国主要栽培物之一 ，是改善人民生活 ，出口外贸的重要物质之一 ，对发展农业 、畜牧业具有十分重要的意义[1] 。在选种优良的前提下，合理的水肥是保证玉米高产的重要措施之一。由于化学肥料过量施用，造成肥料浪费、土壤养分比例失调、水体富营养化、饮水安全等一系列问题[2]。钾磷钙是玉米生长发育所必需的三大营养元素, 土壤缺钾, 直接妨碍玉米根系和茎叶的正常发育, 影响对水分和养分的吸收及光合产物的合成和运输, 使玉米抗病、抗旱、抗寒、抗倒伏等各项生理机能降低, 影响玉米产量和品质的提高[3]。施用各种营养元素肥已逐渐成为农作物获得优质、高产的重要技术措施之一[4]。本试验以玉米种子为试验材料，旨在探讨营养物质对其生长发育的影响。 1 材料和方法 1.1 材料 玉米种子（由广东药学院中