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电缆电绝缘交联聚乙烯交联工艺的对比与分析 电缆 (专) 111 唐一 摘 要 交联聚乙烯(XLPE)作为一种聚烯烃材料，在1952年由美国科学家查尔斯工作中偶然发现，距今天已有50多年历史了，在这期间交联聚乙烯材料在电线电缆领域也得到大量研究及应用，交联工艺方法及材料得到不断改进与发展，材料更易加工和使用、性能可靠、更易运输与储存。交联工艺方法多样且更简单、便捷、可靠。目前交联聚乙烯交联工艺主要有硅烷交联(又称温水交联)、过氧化物化学交联(DCP过氧化物交联)、辐照交联等。过氧化物化学交联1957年由美国GE公司使用，并首先发明了交联聚乙烯绝缘电力电缆。辐照交联电缆技术始于20世纪50年代中期，美国电子化学公司利用高能电子射线照射聚乙烯，使聚乙烯分子由线型结构转变为三维网状立体型结构，揭开了电子辐照交联的序幕；具有代表性的还有1957年成立的美国Rachem公司，在1959年利用辐照技术发明了交联聚乙烯热收缩材料。硅烷交联技术是60年代由美国Dow Coring公司发明的，后来逐步形成了一步法与二步法的硅烷聚乙烯交联工艺。目前，在电缆电压等级1—500kV领域中，交联聚乙烯已大量代替聚氯乙烯及油纸绝缘，其次，在控制电缆、计算机电缆等电气装备电线电缆中也得到了广泛的应用。 关键词 过氧化物交联；硅烷交联；辐照交联 Abstract Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) as a polyolefin material , in 1952, the work by the American scientist Charles stumbled away today than 50 years of history , during which the cross-linked polyethylene material in the field has also been a lot of wires and cables Research and application of cross-linking process methods and materials to get continuous improvement and development , materials processing, and easier to use , reliable performance , easier transportation and storage . More diverse cross-linking process method is simple, convenient, and reliable. Currently crosslinked polyethylene crosslinked silane crosslinking process are ( also known as a heated cross-linking ) , chemical crosslinking peroxide (DCP peroxide crosslinking ) , radiation crosslinking . Peroxide chemical crosslinking in 1957 by the American GE company use, and invented the first XLPE insulated power cables. Radiation crosslinking cable technology began in the mid 1950s , the U.S. electronic chemicals companies use high-energy electron beam irradiation polyethylene, linear structure of the polyethylene molecule consists of three-dimensional into three-dimensional network structure , electron irradiation cross- opened United prologue ; representative are the U.S. Rachem company established in 1957 , invent