第十讲彩色图像处理探索.ppt

Lecture 10 彩色图像处理 Color Image Processing Preview Two principal factors motivate color image processing research: 1. Color is a powerful descriptor Simplifies object identification Simplifies extraction from a scene. 2. Humans can discern thousands of color shades and intensity (more than 7 million different colors), compared to about only two dozen shades of gray Be important to manual image analysis Color Fundamentals The process followed by the human brain in perceiving and interpreting color is a physiopsychological phenomenon that is not yet fully understood. Physical nature of color can be expressed on a formal basis supported by experimental and theoretical results. Color Spectrum In 1666, Newton discovered that light consists of a continuous spectrum of colors. Violet, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, and Red Blends smoothly into the next. Visual Spectrum The colors perceived in an object are determined by the nature of the light reflected from the object. White: reflects light that is balanced in all visible wavelengths Some shades of color: reflect a limited range of the visible spectrum Primary Colors CIE Standard set Blue=435.8nm Green=546.1nm Red=700nm No single color may be called red, green or blue. Note: Three fixed RGB components acting along can not generate all spectrum colors. Secondary colors Magenta (red plus blue)?? Cyan (green plus blue)?? Yellow (red plus green)?? Distinguish colors In 1854, Grassmann pointed that HVS can only distinguish three variations of color: Brightness Chromatic notion of intensity Hue The dominant wavelength in a mixture of light waves Dominant color as perceived by an observer. Saturation The relative purity or the amount of white light mixed with a hue. Tri-stimulus Values Tri-stimulus Values The amounts of red, green, and blue needed to form any particular color. Are denoted by X, Y, Z, respectively. Tri-chromatic Coefficients By which a color is then specified. Is defined as: Color Models Motivation To fac