我国典型地区海岸侵蚀过程和控制因素研究.pdf

变化的过程和影响因素。 基于对不同类型海岸侵蚀的研究，分析和讨论不同因素对海岸侵蚀的影响， 以现在海岸带侵蚀状况为依据，提出防治海岸侵蚀的方法和对策，对今后海岸保 护、开发以及海岸带地区的经济发展和建设有重大意义。 对于淤泥质海岸地区可以采取修建防波堤、丁坝等硬质海岸工程和生物护滩 等方法来保护海岸。砂质海岸地区除了可以采取各种硬质海岸工程防护外，还可 以采用填沙护滩等人工方法保护岸滩。各种防护方法可以相互结合以便达到最佳 防护效果。 关键词：海岸侵蚀；黄河三角洲；鲁南砂质海岸；海岸防护 Ⅱ Representat i ve coasta I eros i on processes and contro I I i ng factor s Abst ract Coastal erosion is one of the marine disasters threatening the social activities， properties and safety of people in the coastal zone，especially at muddy coast and sandy coast．Coastal erosion is the result of natural factors and human activities in the Taking muddy coast of Yellow River delta and sandy coast of South Shangdong for examples，the author discusses the controlling factors of coastal erosion and analyzes the existing data with quantitative methods，basing on the researches of predecessors． Various factors are included in the coastal erosion processes，any factors causing unbalance of coastal material budgets have a potential impact on the coastal erosion． Natural factors include such as global sea—level rise，storm waves，land subsidence and decrease of sand supply from land．Human activities impact include sand mining from coastal zone，river darning and coastal engineering．These natural and anthropic factors mutually enforce and constraint each other,jointly cause coast erosion． Decrease of sediment supplies from rivers is the main source of coastal budget unbalance and coastal erosion．Sea．1evel rise causes the shoreline recession slowly and continuously,and its effect will increase with the acceleration of sea-level rise in the future．The effect of human activities acts dominantly and rapidly on a regional scale． The coastline of Yellow River Delta has changed remarkably．Decrease in sediments discharge from the Yellow River due to decrease of rainfall and darning on the rivers is a direct cause of coastal erosion over the study period．The slowing．down of delta erosion after year 2000 is attributed to the coastal defense enforcemem