页岩气藏水力压裂精要.ppt

Defined by particle size - finest grained clastic rocks; predominantly clay-sized particles Clay - 5 microns Silts - 5 to 63 microns Sand - 63 microns Contain free gas and adsorbed gas Zone thickness can be significant Extremely tight (low permeability) Shale - .0001 .000001 md Tight Sand - .01 .001 md Are currently or have been naturally fractured Cross Linked Fluids Slickwater Fluids Horizontal Wells “Simo” Fracs Ultra Light Weight Proppants Specific Gravity Lite Prop - 1.25 to 1.75 Sand - 2.65 Easily transported to extremities of fracture network Enables the use of lower viscosity, less damaging fluids INCREASED INITIAL AND CUMULATIVE PRODUCTION * Hydraulic Fracturing in Shale Gas PlaysDavid Dunlap BJ Services Company June 2007 Gas Shale Characteristics Shales in SEM Thin Section Horizontal Wellbore Horizontal Wellbore Barnett Shale Cum Production Barnett Shale Horizontals vs Verticals “Game Changing” Technology SIMO Fracturing Operations SIMO Fracturing Operations Ultra Light Weight Proppants Light Weight Proppants Hydraulic Fracturing in Shale Gas PlaysDavid Dunlap BJ Services Company June 2007 *