Lesson 23 The Hydraulic System and Equipment.ppt

Wuhan Institute of Shipbuilding Technology Power Engineering Department Lesson 23 The Hydraulic System and Equipment 第23课 液压系统和液压设备 Hydraulic systems 液压系统 Hydraulic systems are made up of（由…组成） an oil tank, pumps, control valve, hydraulic motor and pipe work（管路）. 液压系统由油箱、油泵、控制阀、液压马达和回路构成。 The oil tank and pump are common to（为…公用） all equipment acting as a central pumping unit. 油箱和油泵作为中央泵组，为所有设备公用。 Three different basic circuits are used, employing either low or medium pressure oil supplies. 三种基本的回路被使用时，都可以采用低压供油或者中压供油。 The open loop circuit takes oil from the tank and pumps it through a control valve into the hydraulic motor. 开环回路从油箱吸油，并且经过控制阀将油泵送到液压马达。 The exhaust oil returns to the tank and in neutral（中位） the oil bypasses the hydraulic motor. 排油回到油箱，并且在中位时，油液旁通经过液压马达。 The live line circuit maintains a high pressure from which the control valve draws pressurized oil（受压的油） to the hydraulic motor as and when required. 流通的液压回路保持高压，在需要的情况下，控制阀将受压的油吸送至液压马达。 The closed loop circuit has the exhaust oil returned to the pump suction. 闭环回路将排油送回到泵的吸入口。 The pump is of the variable delivery type（变量输送式，可变容积式）, providing maximum flexibility in oil supply to the equipment. 油泵是变量输送式，使得向设备供油有极大的灵活性。 Low pressure systems use the open loop circuit and are simple in design as well as reliable. 低压系统多采用开环回路，并且设计简单，工作可靠。 The equipment is however large, inefficient in operation and overheats after prolonged（长时间的） use. 然而，设备体积大，运行效率低，长时间运行会过热。 Medium pressure systems are favored（支持，有利于） for marine applications using either the open or closed circuit. 无论是开环回路还是闭环回路，在船用装置中采用中压系统都是最适合的。 Smaller installations are of the open loop circuit type. 小型装置采用开环回路型。 Many reasons can be suggested（提出） for the use of hydraulic systems 使用液压系统有许多值得提及的原因 Marine engineering: 轮机工程方面： (a) A convenient（便利的） method of transferring power over relatively long distances from, say, a central pump room（中央泵舱） to remote operating sites in the ship; where necessary, complete local control（机旁控制） of operations can be achie