Section 5 Circular Motion.pptVIP

* Section 5 Circular Motion 1. Uniform circular motion (P62) (Radial Unit Vector) —— a constant A particle travels around a circular path at a constant speed v, there is still an acceleration and it is always directed radial inward, centripetal A B O The time for the particle to complete a circle is: –—– period Direction？Normal！ Magnitude？ Changes in direction Changes in magnitude A B O 2. Nonuniform Circular Motion (P119) Both magnitude and direction of velocity change. Tangential acceleration: 切向加速度的大小在数值上等于瞬时速率对时间的变化率It only indicates the change in magnitude of velocity (只反映速度大小的变化)。 The direction of : Tangential line. A B O Normal acceleration： (因速度方向变化而引起的分加速度) : radial direction an, normal acceleration（法向加速度）is also called aR, radial acceleration（径向加速度）, in our book. (i) The acceleration in natural coordinate: Explanations: o ? : radius of curvature of examine position。 (ii) For general plane-curve motion (平面曲线运动): where or A stone is shot with speed of 30m/s and in horizontal direction. At t= 5.0s, what are its acceleration in tangent and normal direction? Given: Question: x y O Example: Solution: (1) If the motion function of a particle is x=x(t), y =y(t), then which one is correct in the following expressions, why? Conceptual example (2) Judge what is correct answer for a particle moves in a curve path in the following expressions: (a) (c) (b) (d) Angular displacement(角位移): Angular velocity : Angular acceleration : 3. Angular variables for circular motion (P235) (radian measure弧度) x y O Angular position(角位置): or 4. Relation of linear and angular variables The distance along a circular arc: Differentiating above equation with respect to time (r again holds constant) The linear speed (with r hold constant): The tangential component at : The radial component an: They are valid only if angles are expressed in radian. an is also called aR, radial acceleration, in our book.