直接从热获得电：辅助解决飞机的电力需求.docVIP

Direct Electricity From Heat: A Solution to Assist Aircraft Power Demands 直接从热获得电：辅助解决飞机的电力需求 Jon C. Goldsby National Aeronautics and Space Administration Glenn Research Center Cleveland, Ohio 44135 Jon C. Goldsby 国家航空航天局 Glenn研究中心 克利夫兰，俄亥俄州 44135 Abstract A thermionic device produces an electrical current with the application of a thermal gradient whereby the temperature at one electrode provides enough thermal energy to eject electrons. The system is totally predicated on the thermal gradient and the work function of the electrode collector relative to the emitter electrode. Combined with a standard thermoelectric device high efficiencies may result, capable of providing electrical energy from the waste heat of gas turbine engines. 摘要 热电子设备利用热梯度—电极的一端提供足够的热能发射电子--产生电流。这个系统完全基于热梯度和电极收集端相对电极发射端的逸出功。它与标准热电设备结合可以得到高效率，能利用喷气发动机的余热提供电能。 Introduction: Market Drivers and Problems Commercial aircraft users desire the most efficient vehicles possible to reduce the cost of operations and to increase market share by meeting or exceeding emission standards. As an example the Federal Aviation Administration regulations on NOx emissions has not been updated to meet more stringent international standards. Commercial aircraft engines that generate more than 27 kN of thrust will be required to reduce NOx emissions by 16 percent over the current standards (Elbir, 2008). Reductions are also required for hydrocarbon-based greenhouse gases. As an example the General Electric C. F. 3438 engine, with the thrust of 41 kN, produces 21 g of NOx for every 1 kg of fuel burned. Therefore, even this relatively new aircraft engine will be penalized for its heavy emissions (Sovde, Gauss, Isaksen, Pitari, Marizy, 2007). Cost models consider factors such as specific fuel consumption and emissions in the determintion of an aircraft’s profitability. The conclusions drawn from performance cost models are clear. The key to increasing performance and capabi