英文_power plant.docVIP

Power station Power station and power plant are both widely used, power station prevailing in many Commonwealth countries and especially in the United Kingdom. 当今，广泛使用电站和发电厂，而电站则普遍应用于许多英联邦国家，尤其是在英国。 At the centre of nearly all power stations is a generator, a rotating machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy by creating relative motion between a magnetic field and a conductor. The energy source harnessed to turn the generator varies widely. It depends chiefly on what fuels are easily available and the types of technology that the power company has access to. 几乎所有的电站，在其中心的是发电机，旋转机械通过在磁场与导线之间做相对运动将机械能转换成电能。能够使得发电机转动得能源有多种多样，这主要取决于何燃料易于获得，以及电力公司已获得的技术形式。 In thermal power stations, mechanical power is produced by a heat engine, which transforms thermal energy, often from combustion of a fuel, into rotational energy. Most thermal power plants produce steam, and these are sometimes called steam power plants. Not all thermal energy can be transformed to mechanical power, according to the second law of thermodynamics. Therefore, thermal power plants also produce low-temperature heat. If no use is found for the heat, it is lost to the environment. If reject heat is employed as useful heat, for industrial processes or district heating, the power plant is referred to as a cogeneration power plant or CHP (combined heat-and-power) plant. In countries where district heating is common, there are dedicated heat plants called heat-only boiler stations. An important class of power stations in the Middle East uses byproduct heat for desalination of water. 在热电站，机械动力是由热机产生的，它把热能，通常取自燃料的燃烧，转换成旋转能。大多热电厂产生的蒸汽，有时这些被称作蒸汽发电厂。根据热力学第二定律，并非所有的热能都可以转化为机械能。因此，热电厂也产生低温热量。如果没有被找到使用这种低温热量的方法，就被释放到环境去。如果释放的热量作为有用的热能，工业处理或区域供暖，这样的电厂被称为综合热电厂，或者成为CHP（即：热能与电能综合）工厂。在有些国家，区域供暖的是共同的，有专门的生产热能的称为热锅炉站工厂。在中东地区一个重要的电站分类就是使用海水淡化产生的副产品热能。 Coal-Fired Power Plant 燃煤电厂（有的称为火电厂） Coal-fired units produce electricity by burning coal in a boiler to heat water to produce steam. The steam,