10.1 Oil And Gas.pptxVIP

Exploring and Drilling for Oil and GasPrepared by Tom Sheeran What are Oil and Gas? Oil and Gas are substances found within the earth’s crust.They are thought to come from decomposed plant and animal matter.Scientists believe the plants and animals died long ago, and were slowly buried by thick layers of sediments. Over a long period of time, and with pressure and temperature, the organic materials were converted into the oil and gas which are found today. (For example, we know that present day garbage dumps give off methane gas)Prepared by Tom Sheeran What else do we know about oil and gas? Oil in it’s natural state can be thick or thin, black or light colored.When oil is refined, many products can be obtained:Energy for powerGasoline for carsDiesel fuel for trucks and trainsHi-octane fuels for planesHeating oil for housesMany other materials also come from petroleum:PlasticsMaterials for clothes (example: polyester fabrics)Chemicals for everyday use PaintsPrepared by Tom Sheeran Did you know that oil has natural gas in it?When oil is produced, some gas is produced with the oil. The natural gas is in solution, just like the carbon dioxide which is put inside of pop to give it its fizz.A barrel of oil may contain anywhere from 1 cubic ft of gas, to over 10,000 cubic ft, depending on the type of reservoir.That’s enough gas in a single barrel of oil to fill your whole house!Prepared by Tom Sheeran Where can we find Oil and Gas?Prepared by Tom Sheeran Some people think that oil is in big pools underground.Actually, most oil is trapped in the tiny pore spaces between grains of rock or sand. Most of these pores are too small to be seen with the naked eye. Prepared by Tom Sheeran So, how do we find oil-bearing rocks? Oil and gas are found in natural traps within the earth. These traps consist of domes or faults. Impermeable rock above the trap prevents the oil and gas from migrating up to surface. An “impermeable” rock is one that fluid cannot pass through. without