Kinematics of Machinery.docVIP

英汉对照： Kinematics of Machinery 机械运动学 10.1 Introduction .Because motion is inherent in machinery; kinematic quantities such as velocity and acceleration are of engineering importance in the analysis and design of machine components. Kinematic values in machines have reached extraordinary magnitudes. Rotative speeds, once considered high at 10,000r/min, are approaching 100,000r/min; large rotors of jet engines operate at 10,000 10.1介绍。因为运动机械所固有，如速度和加速度等工程分析与设计中的机械零件。运动在已经。速度，一度被视为高10000转/分钟，接近100000转/分钟，大转子喷气发动机运转在10000 to 15,000r/min, and small turbine wheels rotate at 30,000 到15000/分钟，和小转动30000 to 60,000r/min. 到60000/分钟。 Size and rotative speed in rotors are related such that such that the smaller the size the greater the allowable rotative speed. A more basic quantity in rotors is peripheral speeds, which depends on rotative speed and size .Peripheral speeds in turbo machinery are reaching 大小和转子旋转速度，这样，较小的规模更大的。一个更基本的圆周速度，这取决于速度和。速度250 to 500m/s.Peripheral speeds in electric armatures and automotive crankshafts are lower than in aeronautical rotors. Although the rotor, or crank, speeds of linkage mechanisms are low , the trend is toward higher speeds because of the demand for higher rates of productivity from the machines used in printing, paper making, thread spinning, automatic computing, packaging, bottling, automatic machining, and in numerous others applications. 250至500m/s.在电动和汽车曲轴低于航空转子。转子，或曲柄连杆机构，速度低，趋势是走向更高的速度因为需求较高的印刷，造纸，螺纹旋转，自动计算，自动灌装，包装，加工，和许多其他应用。 The centripetal acceleration at a rotor periphery depends on the square of the rotative speed and size. In turbines, such accelerations are approaching values of 300,000 to 900,000m/s or about 30,000g to 90,000g, values that may be compared with the acceleration of 10g withstand able by airplane pilots or the 1000g of automotive pistons. 向心加速度取决于速度和大小。在涡轮机，这种加速度接近300000至900000或30000g到90000g，值可能与Acceleration is related to force, by Newton’s principle, and in turn related to stress and deformation, which may n