语用学的语用失误现象和外语教学跨文化交际能力的培养(精选).docVIP

The Phenomena of Pragmatic Failures and the Cultivation of Cross-cultural Communicative Competence in Foreign Language Teaching Abstract：摘要：翻译界有一种习惯的误解，认为译本应该“读起来不像译本”、“仿佛是原作者的中文写作”，因而译作的语言应是规范的汉语文学语言。实际上，译语是汉语的异化。译语异化是普遍存在于译本中的语言行为和文化现象。本文揭示了译语与译语文化的相互 影响 问题 ，指出译语的异化是两种语言、两种文化的对抗与对话。好的翻译是译语的优化，即保持异化适度。译语的优化将是我国新世纪翻译文学的新的诗学潮流。Key words: 译语；异化；译语文化；优化 Introduction ’s far from enough merely know the pronounce, vocabulary and grammar, we should also know the affection caused by the understanding of the language and the people. Eg, the surface meaning vs deep meaning, the premise of a conversation, the intention of the speaker, the indication of the hearer and so on. There exist some cultural differences in cross-cultural communication. To the Chinese students, English is a foreign language, so there will be some Chinese culture in learning more or less. Malinowski, an British linguist, said that language roots deeply in cultural reality and the tradition of its people, language analysis cannot get out of this language behaviors phenomena. Understanding a language, you actually must know the cultural background and the life-styles of the speaker. Therefore, in the process of English usage, weather right or wrong, we should always select the proper words according to the context. While in language understanding and expressing, one of the most important problems is to avoid pragmatic failures. Pragmatic failure does not refer to the general error of language usage, but the failures of untimely speech or failures caused by the wrong manner or attention which fails to achieve to the expected impact. The pragmatic failure, as a main factor of cross-cultural communication barrier, has caused many scholars’ attention at a early time. It is brought forward by British linguist Jenny Thomas in her ‘cross-cultural Pragmatic Failures’. Thomas said, ‘In cross-cultural communication, a faithful communication between native speaker and non-native speaker does not result from the err