科普类阅读 Microsoft Word 文档.doc

科普知识类（2011·江西卷）? 　　Why should mankind explore space? Why should money， time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? ? 　　These are questions that， understandably， are very often asked． ? 　　Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup（基因构成） as human beings． What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains， and on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a species， the better its chance of survival． Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible． ? 　　Nearly every successful civilization has explored， because by doing so， any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for． Without knowledge， we may be completely destroyed by the danger． With knowledge， we can lessen its effects． ? 　　Exploration also allows minerals and other potential （潜在的） resources to be found． Even if we have no immediate need of them， they will perhaps be useful later． Resources may be more than physical possessions． Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration． The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives． We have already benefited from other spin－offs including improvements in earthquake prediction， in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems． Even non－stick pans and mirrored sunglasses are by－products （副产品） of technological developments in the space， the chance to save ourselves might not exist． ? 　　While many resources are spent on what seems a small return， the exploration of space allows creative， brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us． While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works， it also holds dangers． The danger exists， but knowledge can help human being to sur