Chapter代码优化.ppt

Chapter 代码优化 A Survey of Code Optimizations Techniques 代码优化技术考察 A Survey of Code Optimizations Techniques 代码优化技术考察 ● 优化技术简介—(a)常数合并 a = 10 * 5 + 6 - b; _tmp0 = 10 ; _tmp1 = 5 ; _tmp2 = _tmp0 * _tmp1 ; _tmp3 = 6 ; _tmp4 = _tmp2 + _tmp3 ; _tmp5 = _tmp4 – b; a = _tmp5 ; 优化技术简介—(b)常数传播 _tmp4 = 0 ; f0 = _tmp4; _tmp5 = 1 ; f1 = _tmp5; _tmp6 = 2 ; i = _tmp6 ; f0 = 0 ; f1 = 1 ; i = 2 ; 优化技术简介—(c)代数简化 x+0 = x 0+x = x x*1 = x 1*x = x 0/x = 0 x-0 = x 优化技术简介—代数简化 _tmp0 = 5 ; _tmp1 = _tmp0 + a ; _tmp2 = _tmp1 + 10 ; b = _tmp2 ; _tmp0 = 15 ; _tmp1 = a + _tmp0 ; b = _tmp1 ; 优化技术简介—(d)降低运算强度 a) i*2 = 2*i = i+i = i2 b) i/2 = (int)(i*0.5) c) 0-1 = -1 d) f*2 = 2.0 * f = f + f e) f/2.0 = f*0.5 优化技术简介—(e)复写传播 tmp2 = tmp1 ; tmp3 = tmp2 * tmp1; tmp4 = tmp3 ; tmp5 = tmp3 * tmp2 ; c = tmp5 + tmp4 ; tmp3 = tmp1 * tmp1 ; tmp5 = tmp3 * tmp1 ; c = tmp5 + tmp3 ; 例：划分基本块 (1) read (C) (2) A:= 0 (3) B:= 1 (4) L1: A:=A + B (5) if B= C goto L2 (6) B:=B+1 (7) goto L1 (8) L2: write (A) (9) halt ● 基本块的DAG表示及其应用 有向无环图(DAG----Directed Acyclic Graph) 基本块的DAG是在结点上带有标记的DAG 叶结点：独特的标识符(名字,常数)标记 内部结点：运算符号标记 各个结点：附加标识符标记 Chapter 代码优化 A Survey of Code Optimizations Techniques 代码优化技术考察 Thank you. ? Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing,?P R China * * 8 ● Principal Sources of Code Optimizations 1) Register Allocation Good use of registers is the most important feature of efficient code. 2) Unnecessary Operations The second major source of code improvement is to avoid generating code for operations that are redundant or unnecessary. ???? 3) Costly Operations 减轻强度 常数合并 常量传播 过程调用（过程内嵌、识别尾部递归） 4) Prediction Program Behavior _tmp0 = 56 ; _tmp1 = _tmp0 – b ; a = _tmp1 ; b true = b b false = false b || true = true b || false = b 例：b = 5 + a + 10 ; 基本块：是指程序中一顺序执行的语句序列. 基本块内的语句要么全