2013年7月13日托福阅读真题解析.docVIP

2013年7月13日托福阅读真题解析 阅读： 第一篇 TOPIC 非洲服饰历史 讲非洲14到16世纪的服装，先给了定义，然后说穿着场合不当会造成不好的影响，但是特定穿着只在小圈子里面流通。然后说服饰是symbolism，代表在部落中的地位。首领的穿着在整个大陆都是统一的，然后提到首领的衣着使用贵重的材料。最后说服饰以前看来是艺术，现在更多被认为是商品。 解析：本文属历史学话题。历史类文章涉及范围较广，本次考试关于非洲裙子的历史比较少见；但历史类文章的结构比较明确，一般有较清晰的时间顺序和叙述脉络。 Africa, sub-Saharan: history of dress African dress, like dress everywhere, communicates age, gender, occupation, ethnicity, power, and religious commitment for everyday, celebratory, ceremonial, and ritual occasions. Along with fashionable Western dress, Africans wear Islamic and indigenous apparel. Dress involves totally or partially covering the body by supplementing it with apparel and accessories such as head wraps and jewelry and modifying the body itself with tattoos or piercing. Dressing well for Africans involves proper conduct and elegant style, which includes appropriate apparel, cosmetics, and coiffure along with magnificent carriage, graceful movement, fastidious toilette, and immaculate garments. African dress worn every day indicates socially significant categories, but may also express personal idiosyncrasy. When Africans wear identical dress, such as uniforms or garments made from the same fabric, their garb emphasizes group affiliation and minimizes individuality. African dress is not the same as African costume. Actors and masqueraders temporarily conceal personal identity through costume, whereas in everyday life people communicate and reveal their personal identity through dress. African dress is as varied and diverse as the historical antecedents and cultural backgrounds of the African people in fifty-five countries and more than eight hundred linguistic groups. A continent two-and-a-half times as large as the continental United States, the physical environment of Africa ranges from the deserts of the Sahara and the Kalahari, to the mountains of the Great Rift Valley, and the rain forests in West and Central Africa, as well as the arid region of the Sahel that borders the Sahara. What Afri