行为主义治疗.pptVIP

Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy Psych422 Chapter9: Behavior Therapy Behavior Therapy A set of clinical procedures relying on experimental findings of psychological research Based on principles of learning that are systematically applied Treatment goals are specific and measurable Focusing on the client’s current problems To help people change maladaptive to adaptive behaviors The therapy is largely educational - teaching clients skills of self-management View of Human Nature Person is the producer and the produce of his or her environment Increase individual freedom and increase people’s skills Action-oriented approach The role of responsibility for one’s behavior Four Aspects of Behavior Therapy 1. Classical Conditioning A neutral stimulus is repeated paired with a stimulus that naturally elicits a particular response. The result is that eventually the neutral stimulus alone elicits the response. 2. Operant Conditioning Focuses on actions that operate on the environment to produce consequences If the environmental change brought about by the behavior is reinforcing, the chances are strengthened that the behavior will occur again. If the environmental changes produce no reinforcement, the chances are lessened that the behavior will recur Four Aspects of Behavior Therapy 3. Social Learning Approach Gives prominence to the reciprocal interactions between an individual’s behavior and the environment 4. Cognitive Behavior Therapy Emphasizes cognitive processes and private events (such as client’s self-talk) as mediators of behavior change Therapeutic Goals General goals: Increase personal choice and create new conditions for learning To eliminate maladaptive behaviors and learn more adaptive behaviors Client and therapist collaboratively decide the concrete, measurable, and objective treatment goals Therapist’s function and Role Be active and directive As an consultant and problem solvers Conduct a thorough functional assessment, formulate