Francis_Bacon.pptVIP

(1561-1626) General Introduction A representative of the Renaissance in England Philosopher, scientist and essayist founder of modern science in England Insisting on scientific way of thinking and fresh observation Pope: “the wisest, brightest, meanest of mankind General Introduction 培根本人的遗嘱： 我把灵魂留给上帝， 把躯体留给一抔黄土， 把名字留给未来的时代和异国他乡的民族。 马克思的评价： “the real father of English materialism and experimental sciences of modern times in general” 英国唯物主义和整个现代实验科学的真正始祖。 Background of the Writer Being born: the younger son of Elizabeth’s first Lord Keeper, Bacon had a fortunate heritage and background. 12: studied at Trinity College, Cambridge 15: graduated and worked in the embassy in France 18: returned; his father died leaving him no property; his aunt’s husband didn’t give him any chance, either. So he entered Gray’s Inn (葛雷法学院 )to study law. 26: became M.P. for his eloquence and gradually established his reputation; found Earl Essex as his patron,who is Elisabeth’s favorite courtier. Later: offended the Queen by strongly opposing to some new taxes; 45: defended for the King’s taxes(James I) became Lord Keeper and then Lord Chancellor of England. 60: was accused of taking bribes in office,deprived of his seat in parliament , and fined ; after the imprisonments , banished from London, Bacon retired in disgrace to spend the last five years of his life in the study of science and philosophy. Personal trajectory of Bacon Lord Keeper/ M.P. Lord of the Chancellor scenphilo Born 12 15 23 45 60 end His Works The Advancement of Learning (1605) (in English) 《学术的进展》/《治学之道》 Novum Organum (1620) ( an enlarged Latin version of