java学习教程Java对象克隆(Clone)及Cloneable接口.docVIP

Java学习教程：Java对象克隆（Clone）及Cloneable接口 Part I 没啥好说的，直接开始Part II吧。? Part II 谈到了对象的克隆，就不得不说为什么要对对象进行克隆。Java中所有的对象都是保存在堆中，而堆是供全局共享的。也就是说，如果同一个Java程序的不同方法，只要能拿到某个对象的引用，引用者就可以随意的修改对象的内部数据（前提是这个对象的内部数据通过get/set方法曝露出来）。有的时候，我们编写的代码想让调用者只获得该对象的一个拷贝（也就是一个内容完全相同的对象，但是在内存中存在两个这样的对象），有什么办法可以做到呢？当然是克隆咯。 ? Part III 首先，我们是程序员，当然是用我们程序员的语言来交流。 public class User implements Cloneable { private String username;private String password; private Date birthdate; public User(String username, String password, Date birthdate) { this.username = username; this.password = password; this.birthdate = birthdate; } @Override protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException { return super.clone(); } @Override public int hashCode() { // 省略equals的实现(可用eclipse自动生成)} @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) { // 省略equals的实现(可用eclipse自动生成)} // 省略一大堆get/set方法}? 上述代码构建了一个User类，并且实现了java.lang.Cloneable接口。顾名思义，Cloneable的意思就是说明这个类可以被克隆的意思。而我们先去看看java.lang.Cloneable这个接口有些什么。 /* ?* @(#)Cloneable.java1.17 05/11/17?* ?* Copyright 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved. ?* SUN PROPRIETARY/CONFIDENTIAL. Use is subject to license terms. ?*/ package java.lang; /** ?* A class implements the codeCloneable/code interface to? ?* indicate to the {@link java.lang.Object#clone()} method that it? ?* is legal for that method to make a? ?* field-for-field copy of instances of that class.? ?* p ?* Invoking Objects clone method on an instance that does not implement the? ?* codeCloneable/code interface results in the exception? ?* codeCloneNotSupportedException/code being thrown. ?* p ?* By convention, classes that implement this interface should override? ?* ttObject.clone/tt (which is protected) with a public method. ?* See {@link java.lang.Object#clone()} for details on overriding this ?* method. ?* p ?* Note that this interface does inot/i contain the ttclone/tt method. ?* Therefore, it is not possible to clone an object merely by virtue of the ?* fact that it implements this interface. ?Even if t