Advanced accounting chapter 9 answers.docVIP

Chapter 9 Foreign currency transactions and Hedging foreign exchange risk Chapter Outline I. In today’s global economy, a great many companies deal in currencies other than their reporting currencies. A. Merchandise may be imported or exported with prices stated in a foreign currency. B. For reporting purposes, foreign currency balances must be stated in terms of the company’s reporting currency by multiplying it by an exchange rate. C. Accountants face two questions in restating foreign currency balances. 1. What is the appropriate exchange rate for restating foreign currency balances? 2. How are changes in the exchange rate accounted for? D. Companies often engage in foreign currency hedging activities to avoid the adverse impact of exchange rate changes. E. Accountants must determine how to properly account for these hedging activities. II. Foreign exchange rates are determined in the foreign exchange market under a variety of different currency arrangements. A. Exchange rates can be expressed in terms of the number of U.S. dollars to purchase one foreign currency unit (direct quotes) or the number of foreign currency units that can be obtained with one U.S. dollar (indirect quotes). B. Foreign currency trades can be executed on a spot or forward basis. 1. The spot rate is the price at which a foreign currency can be purchased or sold today. 2. The forward rate is the price today at which foreign currency can be purchased or sold sometime in the future. 3. Forward exchange contracts provide companies with the ability to “lock in” a price today for purchasing or selling currency at a specific future date. C. Foreign currency options provide the right but not the obligation to buy or sell foreign currency in the future, and therefore are more flexible than forward contracts. III. Statement 52 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board, issued in December 1981, prescribes accounting rules for foreign currency transactions. Note: SFAS 52 has been inco