JavaHTP6e_03.pptVIP

3 Introduction to Classes and Objects OBJECTIVES In this chapter you will learn: What classes, objects, methods and instance variables are. How to declare a class and use it to create an object. How to declare methods in a class to implement the class’s behaviors. How to declare instance variables in a class to implement the class’s attributes. How to call an object’s method to make that method perform its task. The differences between instance variables of a class and local variables of a method. How to use a constructor to ensure that an object’s data is initialized when the object is created. The differences between primitive and reference types. 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Classes, Objects, Methods and Instance Variables 3.3 Declaring a Class with a Method and Instantiating an Object of a Class 3.4 Declaring a Method with a Parameter 3.5 Instance Variables, set Methods and get Methods 3.6 Primitive Types vs. Reference Types 3.7 Initializing Objects with Constructors 3.8 Floating-Point Numbers and Type double 3.9 (Optional) GUI and Graphics Case Study: Using Dialog Boxes 3.10 (Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Identifying the Classes in a Requirements Document 3.11 Wrap-Up 3.1 Introduction Classes Floating-Point numbers 3.2 Classes, Objects, Methods and Instance Variables Class provides one or more methods Method represents task in a program Describes the mechanisms that actually perform its tasks Hides from its user the complex tasks that it performs Method call tells method to perform its task 3.2 Classes, Objects, Methods and Instance Variables (Cont.) Classes contain one or more attributes Specified by instance variables Carried with the object as it is used 3.3 Declaring a Class with a Method and Instantiating an Object of a Class Each class declaration that begins with keyword public must be stored in a file that has the same name as the class and ends with the .java file-name extension. Class GradeBook keyword public is an access modifier C