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理工类完形填空新增文章 篇目 第三篇 What Is the Coolest Gas in the Universe? *第十二篇 Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in Teens +第十五篇 Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores 第三篇 What Is the Coolest Gas in the Universe? What is the coldest air temperature ever recorded on the Earth? Where was this low temperature recorded? The coldest recorded temperature on Earth was -91℃ which —l— in Antarctica in 1983． We encounter an interesting situation when we discuss temperatures in—2一Temperatures in Earth orbit actually range from about +120℃ to -120℃．The temperature depends upon —3— you are in direct sunlight or shade．Obviouslyl20℃ is colder than our body can safely endure．Thank NASA science for welldesigned space —4— that protect astronauts from these temperature extremes． The space temperatures just discussed affect only Our areal of the solar —5—．Obviously，it is hotter closer to the Sun and colder as we travel away from the Sun．Astronomers estimate temperatures at Pluto are about -210℃．How cold is the lowest estimated temperature in the entire universeAgain，it depends upon your —6—．We are taught it is supposedly —7— to have a temperature below absolute zer，which is273℃，at which atoms do not move．scientists，whose names are Coell and Wieman，have successfully cooled down a gas temperature barely —8— absolute zer．They won a Nobel Prize in Physics in 2001 forwork—not a discovery，in this case2． Why is the two scientistswork so important to science? In the l920s，Satyendra Nath Bose was studying an interestin —9— about particles we now call photons．Bose had trouble —l— other scientists to believe —11— he contacted Albert Einstein．Einstein calculations helped him theorize —12— behave as Bose thought——but only at very cold temperatures．Scientists have also discovered that —13— atoms can help them make the worlds atomic clocks even more accurate．These clocks are so accurate today they would only lose3 0ne second —14— six million years! Such accurac