组培课件重点.docVIP

翟效月 最后一节课讲的重点 带*的是大题范围 1*.Mononuclear phagocytic system 单核吞噬细胞系统 （MPS） Distribution: widely through the body Able to phagocytize the unwanted materials e.g. bacterial and dead cells Derived from bone marrow stem cells which give oringin to monocyte in blood Cell types in the system Monocytes and their precursors in bone marrow Macrophage in Cot, pleura, peritoneum, alveoli of lung, spleen, etc. Kupffer cells in liver Microglia（小胶质细胞） in central nerve system 神经部分也可能考！ Dendritic cells（树突状细胞）in epidermis and lymph nodes, spleen and thymus. 2. Classification of leukocytes (WBC) (choice) 3. Structure of blood cells (choice ) Erythrocyte (red blood cell, RBC) Biconcave discs 双凹圆盘状 Leucocytes Round in shape with nucleus and organelles Neutrophils 中性粒细胞 a highly polymorphous nucleus with 2-5 sausage-shaped lobes，neutrophilic granules (acidic basic dyes) Eosinophils 嗜酸性粒细胞 pink staining granules in cytoplasm, two lobe nucleus. Basophils 嗜碱性粒细胞 S-shaped nucleus, large, dark blue-staining granules, which are uneven in size and distribution, and matechromasia. Monocytes 单核细胞 oval or kidney-shaped, eccentrically placed nucleus with a fine chromatin. Lymphocytes 淋巴细胞 Spherical nucleus with coarse clump chromatin and an indentation on one side Platelet 血小板 No nucleus 4*.plasma cell , fibroblast , macrophage, mast cell (简答题重点！！！) “从Position，ＥＭ，ＬＭ，function４个方面来答” 具体内容见尧哥给的资料　：） 5. (choice ) Skeletal muscle : triad(at the border of I-band and A-band ) 三联体 Cardiac muscle: diad(at Z-line) 二联体 ① Sarcomere(肌节) The part of a myofibril situated between two consecutive Z-lines It is composed of 1/2I + A + 1/2I ②Innervation contraction of skeletal muscle SarcomereH-band turn short ,A-band doesn’t change. 6. neuron basophilic ①Nissl body ： exist in soma dendrite ,not in axon Nissl body = rER＋FR Protein Synthesis Nerve fiber = axon + glia nerve = bundle of ner