中学生英语学习常见错误一览表C01551.doc

中学生英语学习常见错误一览表C call  ［误］ Ill call at Mr Brown. ［正］ Ill call on Mr Brown. ［误］ Ill call on Mr Browns home. ［正］ Ill call at Mr Browns home. ［析］ 作拜访讲时，at后面接访问地点，而on后面接访问的人。  call on drop in visit  call on比较正式的为公务的访问，如：We were called on by the old students. 而drop in则是比较随便的走走，顺便拜访，如：If youre free, drop in. 而visit则是更正式的外交访问或友好往来，如：My schools headmaster will visit America next week. can  ［误］ A blind man can not judge colours. ［正］ A blind man cannot judge colours. ［误］ I cannt call for you at ten. ［正］ I cant call for you at ten. ［析］ can的否定形式应为cannot或cant. ［误］ Its only six oclock. That mustnt be the postman. ［正］ Its only six oclock. That cant be the postman. ［析］ must用来表示一种肯定的推断，如：She must have some problems. She keeps crying. 但在否定句中则要用cant， 要表示对过去的推测则要用must+have+过去分词的表达法，如：The lights have gone out.A fuse must have blown.而对过去的否定推测则多用cant+have+过去分词，如：I dont think he can have heard you. Call again. ［误］ We could not help to laugh at once. ［正］ We could not help laughing at once. ［正］ We could not help but laugh at once. ［析］ couldnt help+动名词表示禁不住做了某事。但could not help but与could not but后面要加不带to的不定式，意思都是不得不去做某事.如：You could not (help) but respect him. can be able to  can与be able to都可以用来表示能力，但can只有现在时与过去时，be able to则可用任何时态，如：He will be able to teach the child. 但要表示经过努力而达到的一次性动作则只能用be able to，如：He finally was able to jump over 210 meters. 或：The plane was able to fly over the mountain. 但要注意的是这两个词都没有进行时态，而be able to后面不接不定式的被动态。 can could  can与could都可以用在现在时的口语中，只是用could更为礼貌，语气更委婉。如：Could you tell us a story? care  ［误］ I dont care coffee. ［正］ I dont care for coffee. ［误］ Take care for your steps. ［正］ Take care of your steps. ［析］ care for是对某物感兴趣，而care of是关心，要当心某事，如：She didnt care for him. Take care of what you are doing. ［误］ I dont care where we will go if it doesnt rain. ［正］ I dont care where we go if it doesnt rain. ［析］ 在it doesnt matter, I dont care, I dont mind, 及in case引出的状语从句后面要用现在时表示将来。如：Ive got a football in case we have time for a game. change  ［误］