两种愈伤组织生理生化特性和形态结构比较.docVIP

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两种愈伤组织生理生化特性和形态结构比较.doc

两种愈伤组织生理生化特性和形态结构比较.doc

两种愈伤组织生理生化特性和形态结构比较   摘 要: 为了解愈伤组织形成单细胞克隆体系的关键因素,以青睐苜蓿为试材,比较了两种形态的愈伤组织的生理生化指标和形态结构变化。结果表明,两种类型的愈伤组织细胞膜透性和丙二醛含量无明显差异;细胞内可溶性糖含量和过氧化物酶POD活性差异较大,其中可溶性糖含量为:松散型巨大型,松散型是巨大型的2.09倍;POD酶活性:巨大型松散型,巨大型是松散型的1.35倍;巨大型愈伤组织细胞较大、组织排列疏松、细胞高度液泡化、细胞质较稀薄,而松散型愈伤组织细胞较小、组织排列松散、细胞液泡较小、细胞质较浓。巨大型与松软型愈伤组织细胞的膜代谢程度相同,但松散型愈伤组织细胞中糖积累多,细胞代谢旺盛;而巨大型愈伤组织糖积累少,细胞衰老。   关键词:愈伤组织; 形态结构;生理生化;酶;膜代谢   中图分类号:S551.7 文献标识码:A DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2014.08.005   Abstract: In order to learn the key factors of callus development on single cell clone, characteristics of physiology and biochemistry and morphological structure of two types of alfalfa callus was studied. The results showed that the cell membrane permeability and malondialdehyde content was same for the two types of callus; but their soluble sugar content and peroxidase activity in cells was very different, for the soluble sugar content: soft callus huge callus, and soft callus was 2.09 times of huge callus; for peroxidase activity: huge callus soft callus, and huge callus was 1.35 times of soft callus. Huge callus cells were larger, loosely arranged, cell vacuolization and cytoplasm was thiner than soft callus. However, soft callus cells were smaller, loosely arranged, cell vacuoles was smaller and cytoplasm was thicker than hug callus. Huge cells had the same membrane metabolic with soft cells, but soft cells had higher sugar accumulation than huge cells, and soft cells metabolism were vigorous, while huge cells were more aging.   Key words: callus; morphological structure; physiological and biochemical; enzyme; membrane metabolic   近年来,对于胚性愈伤组织的诱导和体细胞胚的发生研究取得了较大的进展[1-3]。但是,由许多胚性愈伤组织诱导培养的体细胞细胞系由于其起源的杂合性,往往缺少稳定性[4-5]。而诱导外植体分裂形成形态结构一致的愈伤组织,即利用均质的、松散的愈伤组织可以建立单细胞克隆纯系,就具有更好的稳定性和非嵌合性[6]。目前,培养这种均质的、松散的愈伤组织体系的研究较少[7]。这种单细胞克隆体系与愈伤组织的生理代谢有密切关系[8]。李茜[6]的研究认为,与愈伤组织的可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖和淀粉含量及抗氧化物酶(POD,SOD ,CAT) 活性有关。陈超等[9]认为,与SOD、CAT、总谷胱甘肽氧化物酶的活力、超氧化物和丙二醛含量有关。笔者研究了两种形态的愈伤组织的细胞膜透性、丙二醛含量、细胞内可溶性糖含量和过氧化物酶POD活性等生理生化变化,比较了他们的形态差异,研究了具有胚性愈伤组织特点的、均质愈伤组织的特性,为单克

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