词汇学习技能.docVIP

培养词汇学习技能 通过上下文线索猜测词义 定义判断词义法 1 ．直接解释判断词义法 1) At the age of seventy-seven, Mr. George was still playing a skillful game of tennis. He jogged four miles each day and seldom missed his daily swim. For a man of his age he was extremely robust. 2) My unscrupulous uncle tried to sell as an antique a rocking chair he bought just last year. 练习1： The doctor conducted an autopsy on the dead patient to find out the cause of his disease. After three weeks of observation and tests, the doctors were still unable to diagnose the patient抯 illness. We set up a remedial program to help students who are weak in their studies during the summer vacation. It was an affront to me when Jack refused to shake hands with me. Although I tried to be as thrifty as possible, I was still unable to make ends meet. The mountain stood eminently on the great plain. 2 ．直接定义判断词义法 ( 1 ）最常见的线索是在定义前有动词 is, is called, means 等。 1) Anthropology is the study of human development and culture. 2) Shortening a word (like bod for body) is called clipping. 3) Empathy means feeling with another person as if you were that person. ( 2 ）同位语 4) Hypochondria, excessive worry over one’s health, afflicts many Americans over forty. 5) Writers often use humor when they want to satirize, or pose fun at, certain kinds of people or behavior. ( 3 ）利用提示线索 一是使用表示同位关系的词语做提示，如that is, is defined as, namely, in other words, i.e.等，例如： 6) The period of adolescence, i.e. the period between childhood and adulthood, may be long or short, depending on social expectations and on society’ s definition as to what constitutes maturity and adulthood. 7) In the skeletal system, a foramen, that is, an opening through a bone, serves as a passageway for blood vessels, nerves or ligaments. 二是利用标点符号，多用破折号、括号、冒号等来提示这些标点符号后的部分是对其前内容的进一步解释或说明。 8) Deaccession — or selling off works of art has been of new importance because of the museum space problems. 9) Aristotle said that rhetoric (argumentation) involves using all the available means of persua