初中英语八年级期末习unit3-2.docVIP

Unit3-2 Grammar ~ More practice 请熟读、熟记以下短语。（?为已学或拓展短语） all the time一直；始终 ? bring up养育 ? look after照顾 ? in the end最后；终于 ? turn ... into ...使……变成…… ? put on上演；穿上 ? be made of用……制造 ? cut out裁剪；剪出 ? in the shape of以……的形状 ? close to靠近；接近 【巩固练习】 一、根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的短语填空，注意其形式。 all the time, cut out, bring up, put on, in the shape of 1. He _______ by his grandmother. 2. Ben is thinking about the trip _______. 3. A new play _______ in a week. 4. The advertisement _______ from the newspaper. 5. The cloud was _______ a rabbit. It was very lovely. 二、同义句转换。 1. The mother takes good care of her children. The mother _______ _______ her children well. 2. I worked out all the Maths problems at last. I worked out all the Maths problems _______ _______ _______. 3. They made the kite with colour paper. The kite _______ _______ _______ colour paper. 4. They bought a new flat near a park. Their new flat is _______ _______ a park. 5. We can change ice into water by heating it. We can _______ ice _______ water by heating it. 第2版 语法梳理 请仔细观察以下例句中的黑体部分，然后补全结论部分所缺的内容。 【观察】 1. They bring the fish back to the boat. 2. Once a year, a new cormorant is brought up by Damin. 3. The fish are then taken and thrown into a big basket by Damin. 4. My bike was stolen last night. 5. The pictures were painted in China. 6. The meeting will be held next Friday. 【结论】 从上面的例句中我们可以看出，英语动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。被动语态中的动词必须是及物动词。 1. 当主语是动作的发出者时，动词用①_______（主动语态 / 被动语态），如例句 1；当主语是动作的承受者时，动词用②_______（主动语态 / 被动语态），如例句2、3、4、5、6。 2. 被动语态的基本结构为：be +及物动词的过去分词+ by +动作发出者，如例句2、3。 3. 被动语态的时态通过 ③_______（be动词/及物动词的过去分词）来体现。具体用法如下： （1）一般现在时的被动语态的结构为：am / is / are +及物动词的过去分词，如例句2、3。 （2）一般过去时的被动语态的结构为：was / were +及物动词的过去分词，如例句4、5。 （3）一般将来时的被动语态的结构为：will be +及物动词的过去分词，如例句6。 （4）没有明确的动作发出者时，“by +动作发出者”可以省略。如例句4、5、6。 【温馨提示】 不及物动词、部分动词或动词短语，如happen, take place, break out等没有被动语态。例如：The accident took place last night. 这场车祸是昨晚发生的。 【巩固练习】 一、选择最佳答案填空。 ( )1. Nowadays computers_______ widely in our daily lives. A. use B. used C. are us