2015年新版职称语教材新增文理工类.docxVIP

2015年新版职称英语教材新增文章系列之? 理工类?阅读理解?第二十二篇? Real?World?Robots? ??When?you?think?of?a?robot,?do?you?envision?a?shiny,?metallic?device?having?the?same?general?shape?as?a?human?being,?performing?humanlike?functions,?and?responding?to?your?questions?in?a?monotone?voice?accentuated?by?high-pitched?tones?and?beeps??This?is?the?way?many?of?us?imagine?a?robot,?but?in?the?real?world,?a?robot?is?not?humanoid?at?all.?Instead?a?robot?often?is?a?voiceless,?box-shaped?machine?that?efficiently?carries?out?repetitive?or?dangerous?functions?usually?performed?by?humans.?Today’s?robot?is?more?than?an?automatic?machine?that?performs?one?task?again?and?again.?A?modern?robot?is?programmed?with?varying?degrees?of?artificial?intelligence—that?is,?a?robot?contains?a?computer?program?that?tells?it?how?to?perform?tasks?associated?with?human?intelligence,?such?as?reasoning,?drawing?conclusions,?and?learning?from?past?experience.? ??A?robot?does?not?possess?a?human?shape?for?the?simple?reason?that?a?two-legged?robot?has?great?difficulty?remaining?balanced.?A?robot?does,?however,?move?from?place?to?place?on?wheels?and?axles?that?roll?and?rotate.?A?robot?even?has?limbs?that?swivel?and?move?in?combination?with?joints?and?motors.?To?find?its?way?in?its?surroundings1,?a?robot?utilizes?various?built-in?sensors.?Antennae?attached?to?the?robot’s?base?detect?anything?they?bump?into.?If?the?robot?starts?to?teeter?as?it?moves?on?an?incline,?a?gyroscope?or?a?pendulum?inside?it?senses?the?vertical?differential.?To?determine?its?distance?from?an?object?and?how?quickly?it?will?reach?the?object，the?robot?bounces?beams?of?laser?light?and?ultrasonic?sound?waves?off?obstructions?in?its?path2.?These?and?other?sensors?constantly?feed?information?to?the?computer,?which?then?analyzes?the?information?and?corrects?or?adjusts?the?robot’s?actions.?As?science?and?technology?advance,?the?robot?too?will?progress?in?its?functions?and?use?of?artificial-intelligence?programs.??? 【词汇】? ??envision?v.?想象，预想???device?n.?装置???accentuate?