《国际金融》8.pptVIP

Lesson VIII International Technology Transfer Learning Objective Technology and technology transfers Trends of ITT Channels of ITT Overall status of ITT in China Technology Technology Efficient technological base can result in: Lower costs Through improved allocation of inputs. Increased revenues Through wider range of outputs. Principal Forms of IP Patent Copyright Trademark/Service Mark Trade Secret (Utility) Patent What?- process- machine- product- composition of matter (includes software) Patentability- novel- useful- non-obvious Exclusive right – not an affirmative one! Term- 20 years from filing Challenges – must file within one year of public use, offer for sale, sale, or publication; enters public domain after expiration of patent Variations- plant patent (asexual reproduction)- design patent (ornamental - 14 years) Copyright Original works of expression fixed in a tangible form, including literary, musical, pictorial, graphic, sculptural, and audiovisual works (includes software) Right to reproduce, make derivative works, publicly distribute, perform, and display work Registration – not necessary but useful Term – life of author + 70 years or if “work for hire,” shorter of 95 years from publication or 100 years from creation But… only protects expression, not ideas; does not limit independent creation Variation - mask works Trademark/Service Mark Any mark (e.g., word, group of words, logo) that identifies the source of goods or services from those of another when used in commerce Owner can prevent others from using confusingly similar marks Common law rights – federal and state registrations available If registered on a federal basis, term can be extended forever “Use it or lose it” Avoid your mark becoming generic! Trade Secret Data, formulas, patterns, compilations, programs, devices, methods, lists of actual or potential customers/suppliers that derive economic value from not being generally known or readily ascertainable Enforcem