MIG焊铝及铝合的焊接参数与熔滴过渡.docVIP

试述MIG焊铝及铝合金的焊接参数与熔滴过渡 2011-09-19 15:33 MIG焊铝及铝合金的焊接参数与溶滴过渡的选用依据是焊件的厚度和空间位置等因素。MIG焊铝可以选用的熔滴过渡形式有短路过渡、交流脉冲MIG焊喷射过渡、脉冲喷射过渡、一般喷射过渡和大电流喷射过渡等。这些熔滴过渡与焊丝直径、焊接电流的关系如图3-3所示。  短路过渡主要用于细丝(焊丝直径为φ0.6mm、φ0.8mm和φ1.0m)，因送丝困难，所以总是使用拉丝枪施焊。将焊丝装入0.3~0.5kg的小型焊丝盘中，可以焊接0.8~1.2mm的薄铝板。能用于焊接对接与角接接头的平焊与全位置焊缝。因送丝难度较大，所以一般不用短路过渡形式。 交流脉冲MIG焊是近几年最新研究成功的焊接方法，电源的电路图如图3-4，电流波形如图3-5所示。在一个交流脉冲的反极性时过渡一个熔滴，通过改变EN（电极为负）比例(EN比例=IEN×TEN/(IEP×TEP+IEN×TEN)×100%)就能调节熔深和熔宽，由图3-6可见，随EN比例的提高，熔深变浅，熔宽变窄。  这种产生方法可用于焊接薄板和不同厚度工件的搭接接头。 脉冲射流过渡通常是指直流脉冲射流过渡，一个脉冲过渡一个熔滴。这种方法适合射流过渡临界电流以下的小电流，如图3-7所示。最小电流达到50A (φ1.2mm), 70A(φ1.6mm)和100A (φ2.4mm)。这时熔滴过渡十分稳定，基本无飞溅。在小电流条件下，可以焊接薄板和空间焊缝。典型焊接参数见表3-2所示。  一般射流过渡大都使用亚射流过渡焊接参数。电流较小时为大滴过渡，电流与熔滴过渡都不稳定。只有在焊接电流大于临界电流时，才能成为射流过渡。射流过渡临界电流如图3-8所示。焊接参数如表3-3、表3-4所示。  大电流射流过渡MIG焊，主要用于焊接厚铝板，由于使用大电流射流过渡易产生起皱缺陷，所以这时应该使用较大的焊丝直径(φ3.5~φ6.4mm )和双层气流保护。这样可以提高起皱临界电流，如图3-3所示。可见，粗焊丝MIG焊的焊接电流可以达到800- 1000A。焊丝直径越大，焊接电流越大，则焊缝的熔深也越大，焊接效率也越高。 reform results, economy, and political system, and culture system, and social system, and discipline check system, and party of construction system reform solid advance, tax, and financial, and price, and administrative approval, and State-owned enterprises, and ecological civilization, important field and key link reform made major progress, market in resources configuration in the of decisive role significantly enhanced, Unprecedented burst of momentum and vitality of economic and social development. XI General Secretarys speech in this regard include the reform only when there is no complete, the decisions of the CPC Central Committee on some major problems in deepening reform notes on the 18 session of ideas into the partys spirit of the reforms more difficult to move forward, the increasing use of the Socialist system with Chinese characteristics such as the ability to run the country. 4. with regard to promoting sustained and healthy economic development. Face complex changeable of internati