施甸县植烟土壤养分丰缺状况综合评价.docVIP

施甸县植烟土壤养分丰缺状况综合评价 　　摘要 利用因子分析法对施甸县烟区1 225个土壤样品的9项理化指标进行了综合评价。结果表明，土壤肥力最高的57个样本占总样本的4.65%，综合得分为0.942 3～1.715 5；土壤肥力较高的503个样本占总样本的41.06%，综合得分为0.000 1～0.939 1；土壤肥力较低的573个样本占总样本的46.78%，综合得分为-0.611 5～-0.003 2；土壤肥力最低的92个样本占总样本的7.51%，综合得分为-1.388 9～-0.613 8。因此，鉴于全县植烟土壤肥力存在着较大差异，对土壤肥力较高的田块，要控制氮肥施用量；而土壤肥力处于较低水平的，则要足量、配合施用有机肥和复合肥。 　　关键词 植烟土壤；养分状况；理化指标；综合评价；云南施甸 　　中图分类号 S158.2 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2014）07-0234-02 　　Integrated Evaluation for Soil Fertility Status in Tobacco-growing Areas 　　GONG Jia-li LI Fa-ping SU Shi-kai SU De-yan LI Yun-jun DUAN Lian-yan YANG Xi-yong LIU Hong-hua * 　　（Shidian Branch of Baoshan Company of Yunnan Provincial Tobacco Company，Shidian Yunnan 678200） 　　Abstract The contents of 9 chemical indexes in 1 225 soil samples were analyzed and evaluated by factor analysis method.The results showed that the soil fertility of 57 samples were the highest，which accounting for 4.65% of the total，and comprehensive scores were between 0.942 3 and 1.715 5；503 samples were the second，which accounting for 41.06% of the total，and comprehensive scores were between 0.000 1 and 0.939 1；573 samples were the third，which accounting for 46.78% of the total，and comprehensive scores were between -0.611 5 and -0.003 2；92 samples were the lowest，which accounting for 7.51% of the total，and comprehensive scores were between -1.338 9 and -0.613 8.Therefore，in view of great difference in soil fertility of tobacco-growing areas in Shidian County，N fertilizer should be controlled in high soil fertility fields，and plenty of organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer should be applied in low soil fertility fields. 　　Key words tobacco-growing soil；fertility status；physical and chemical index；integrated evaluation；Shidian Yunnan 　　土壤肥力综合评价是获取土地质量状况的重要手段，可为土壤合理利用提供科学依据[1]。目前已有的研究主要集中在植烟土壤各种营养元素的丰缺诊断方面[2-3]，而运用多元统计方法对植烟土壤养分进行综合评价的研究较少。研究土壤肥力综合评价的方法主要有因子分析法、聚类分析法、主成分分析法、指数和法、判别分析法、模糊数学法、因子加权综合法等[4-8]。本文采用了因子分析法和系统聚类分析法对施甸烟区土壤肥力进行综合评价，以期为研究制定科学合理的施肥方案，提高肥料利用率，实现烟叶优质适产提供理论参考。