编号4-----高考英语知识串讲1.docVIP

高考英语知识串讲 第1讲 一、Language Points 1. share v. 分享、合用：share sth with sb n. 一份，股份 spare a. 业余的，备用的：spare time, a spare tire v. 抽出，匀给：spare me five minutes/ spare one of sandwiches for the boy spare no efforts：不遗余力 spare no expense：不惜工本 save v. 节省，救出 2. He felt lucky to have survived the war. 3. with sb about/over sth：和某人就某事争论 argue for/against sth：赞成/反对… Sb into/out of doing sth：说服某人做/不做某事 4. have/make/let/see/watch/listen to +宾+宾补 do/doing/done get sb to do sth have+宾+宾补 to do/to be done 5. So+同一主语+助动词 So/neither/nor+助动词+另一主语 So it is/was with+另一主语 6. should/ought to/need/could/might/would+do/have done 7. except/but/except for/except that/except wh-clause besides/in addition apart from but for without 8. The first time+从句 For the first time：作时间状语 It’s the first time+that-clause 完成时 the first+名词+to do 9. most most of the +n. pl /pron. the majority of the mostly: 主要地（状） 10. be equal to sth：与…相等 be equal to doing sth：胜任 做 某事 equal sth：与…相等 equal sb in sth：在…方面与某人匹敌 11. compare…to/with… compared to/with… 12. a great many several/two dozen/hundred +n. pl. many dozens of a great many of +the/these/those+n. pl. seveal/two dozen of +pron. 13. much too+adj/adv 原级 too much+n. u. too many+n. pl. 14. 没有被动态 come about 主要用于疑问句、否定句 happen 表示偶然、碰巧之意 sth+ take place 多表示有组织、有计划 break out 指战争、灾害、疾病等的爆发 occur 与happen通用 It occurs to sb that/to do…：某人突然想起… 15. n./pron./adj./adv./prep-phrase to do：表将来 With+宾+宾补 doing：表正在进行 Done：表过去 16. 强调句型的判断方法：如果将句子中的“it be”和“that”去掉，原句通顺则是强调句，否则就不是强调句。例： It was in the street that I met an old friend yesterday. 二、语法专题──名词的考点 1. 考查可数名词和不可数名词，尤其是许多不可数名词在一定情况下变为可数名词。 2. 考查名词的格，即 ’s所有格，of所有格或双重所有格。 3. 名词作定语。 4. 名词及名词短语的辨析。 5. 名词与介词，冠词，动词的搭配。 三、题型归纳──辨析型单项填空 1. 名词的辨析 名词的辨析首先要注意名词单复数的意义区别，如parent指父亲或母亲，而parents指父母双亲；people指人们，而a people指民族。其次注意可数与不可数时的意义区别，如: exercise指锻炼；而exercises指练习题或练习操；再次，注意同义名词或近义名词的区别，如:: event指发生的重大事件、体育项目；incident指偶发事件；而accident指意外事件。最后还要注意