2013考研英模拟题.docVIP

全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题 National Entrance Test of English for MA/MS Candidates Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, and D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) In his 1976 study of slavery in the United States, Herbert Gutman, like Fogel, Engerman, and Genovese, has rightly stressed the slaves’ achievements. But unlike these historians, Gutman gives plantation owners little (1) ____ for these achievements. (2) ____, Gutman argues that one must look to the Black family and the slaves’ extended kinship system to (3) ____ how crucial achievements, (4) ____ the maintenance of a cultural heritage and the development of a communal consciousness, were possible. His findings compel attention. Gutman recreates the family and extended kinship (5) ____ mainly through an ingenious use of what (6) ____ historian should (7) ____ on, quantifiable data, derived in this case mostly (8) ____ plantation birth registers. He also uses accounts of ex-slaves to (9) ____ the human reality behind his statistics. These (10) ____ indicate that the two-parent household predominated in slave quarters just as it did (11) ____ freed slaves after emancipation. (12) ____ Gutman admits that forced separation by sale was frequent, he shows that the slaves’ preference, (13) ____ most clearly on plantations where sale was (14) ____, was very much for stable monogamy. In (15) ____ conclusive fashion, Fogel, Engerman, and Genovese had already indicated the predominance of two-parent households. However, (16) ____ Gutman emphasizes the preference for stable monogamy and points out (17) ____ stable monogamy meant for the slaves’ cultural heritage. Gutman argues convincingly that the (18) ____ of the Black family encouraged the transmission of — and so was critical in (19) ____ — the Black heritage of folklore, music, and religious expression from one generation to another, a heritage that slaves were co