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Chapter 18 The Internal Operating Systems 18.1 (BL1+) Users represent processes in a preemptive multitasking system. The method used to switch from one user to the next is the same as that used for switching processes. Each user is granted CPU execution time by the dispatcher, according to whatever dispatching algorithm is employed. The keyboards are managed by interrupt routines. Most user processes are idle most of the time, waiting for keyboard input in an I/O blocked state. Each user process that is ready to execute receives its quantum of time, then control returns to the dispatcher. A