4-消毒副产物.pptVIP

前沿知识(4) 消毒副产物Disinfection By-Products (DBPs) Surface Water Treatment Forms of Chlorine Chlorine gas - preferred for medium to large disinfection systems Sodium Hypochlorite (liquid) - typically used for small disinfection systems and large swimming pools Calcium Hypochlorite (powder, tablet) - typically used for private swimming pools Chlorine Reactions in Water Cl2 (g) + H2O = HOCl + H+ + Cl- pH dependent essentially complete within a few milliseconds HOCl = H+ + OCl- HOCl is about 80 - 100 times more effective than is OCl- for E. Coli [HOCl] + [OCl-] = free available chlorine Chlorine Re