袁威学习笔记：直接引语和间接引语.ppt

袁威学习笔记 直 接 引 语 间 接 引 语 * 直接引语：直接引述别人的话，前要加引号. 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，不用引号. 在多数情况下构成宾语从句. 例.John said, “I like reading story books.” John said that he liked reading story books。 间接引语 直接引语 直接引语变为间接引语 1.直接引语为陈述句 变为间接引语时, 连接词用that, 在口语中可省略. 引述动词用said, told等. 句型: S---V---that从句. 注意:可以说 said that从句, said to sb. that从句, told sb. that从句, 但不可说told that从句. * He said, “I’ve left my book in my room.” → He told me that he had left his book in his room. He said to us, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” → He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall. 若直接引语中没有间接宾语,变为间接引语时可加一 个间接宾语,如 me,him,her,theu,you,us 等.但用told间接引语主句的谓语动词时必修加间接宾语,句型: S told sb. 从句. 加间接 宾语 me 无间接宾语 间接宾语 us 代词指向 * 时态变化 直接引语 一般现在时 一般将来时 现在进行时 一般过去时 现在完成时 过去完成时 间接引语 一般过去时 过去将来时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 现在将来变过去, 过去变过去完成, 过去完成不变. * 口诀 　　说明 直接引语 间接引语 人称变化 一 随 主 二 随 宾 三 不 变 引号内的第一人称 变间引后与主句主 语的人称保持一致 引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致 引号内的第三人称在变间引后人称不变 She said,“ I like Tennis.” She said that she liked tennis. He said to Lily, “ you must get up early.” He told Lily that she must get up early. She said to me , “ They want to help him.” She told me that they wanted to help him. 使间接引语中的人称与直接引语中的人称指向一致. * 2. 直接引语为一般疑问句 变为间接引语时, 连接词用if或whether, 而引述选择疑问 句时只能用whether, 疑问语序变为陈述语序, 引述动词用 asked, 句型: S---V---if/ whether从句. She said to Tom, “Can you help me?” → She asked Tom if /whether he could help her. 1.She said to me, “I broke your CD player.” →She told me that she had broken my CD player. 2.He said to her, “I broke your CD player.” →He told her that he had broken her CD player. 二随宾 一随主 * “Is this room yours or his?” 　 → He asked me whether this room was mine or his. He said to me , “I am learning English now.” → He said to me that he was learning English then. 3.直接引语是特殊疑问句 变为间接引语时,连接词用特殊疑问句的疑问词,疑问语序变为陈述语序. 句型: S--V—疑问词从句. The teacher said, “What are you doing