Dynamic memory allocation, and Operator Overloading.pptVIP

Sometimes all the operations “stay within a type.” For example, adding an int to an int produces an int. It’s often necessary, however, to convert data of one type to data of another type. The compiler knows how to perform certain conversions among fundamental types. You can use cast operators to force conversions among fundamental types. The compiler cannot know in advance how to convert among user-defined types, and between user-defined types and fundamental types, so you must specify how to do this. ?1992-2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Such conversions can be performed with conversion constructors—constructors that can be called with a single argument (we’ll refer to these as single-argument constructors). Such constructors can turn objects of other types (including fundamental types) into objects of a particular class. ?1992-2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Conversion Operators A conversion operator (also called a cast operator) can be used to convert an object of one class to another type. Such a conversion operator must be a non-static member function. The function prototype MyClass::operator char *() const; declares an overloaded cast operator function for converting an object of class MyClass into a temporary char * object. The operator function is declared const because it does not modify the original object. ?1992-2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. The return type of an overloaded cast operator function is implicitly the type to which the object is being converted. If s is a class object, when the compiler sees the expression static_cast?char?*?(?s?), the compiler generates the call s.operator char *() ?1992-2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Overloaded Cast Operator Functions Overloaded cast operator functions can be defined to convert objects of user-defined types into fundamental types or into objects of other user-defined types. Implicit Calls to Cast Operators and Convers