南北方农业机械化发展现状对比调查.docVIP

南北方农业机械化发展现状对比调查 　　摘要 农业机械化是衡量一个国家农业现代化水平的重要标志，是促进传统农业向现代农业转变的关键因素。目前，农业机械化在我国各地区得到了不同程度的推广，但是区域间差异仍比较明显。研究我国农业机械化的现状、地区差异以及影响因素对提高我国农业机械化水平、相关部门的政策制定等都具有重要的参考价值和指导意义。该文以安徽省马鞍山市和黑龙江省绥化市为例，就南北方农业机械化发展现状进行走访和文献调查，探讨我国南北方农业机械化发展现状的差异、原因以及解决办法。 　　关键词 农业机械化；现状；差异；安徽马鞍山；黑龙江绥化 　　中图分类号 F323.3 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2013）22-0272-02 　　Comparative Survey of the Agricultural Mechanization Development Status in the South and the North：Taking Ma′anshan City in Anhui Province and Suihua City in Heilongjiang Province as Example 　　WANG Hai-lun 　　（Engineering Institute of Northeast Agricultural University，Haerbin Heilongjiang 150030） 　　Abstract The farming mechanization is the important sign of judging the agricultural modernization level of a country，is the key factor for the transformation of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. At present，agricultural mechanization has been popularized in different degrees in every area of our country，but the regional differences are still more obvious. The research which studyies about the current situation of agricultural mechanization in China，regional differences and the factors has important reference value to improve the level of agricultural mechanization in China and guiding significance for the relevant departments on the policy making. This article explores the differences between the current situation of the development of solutions，the south and the north of agricultural mechanization in China and the reasons through investigation and literature research by way of explanation with Suihua City in Heilongjiang Province and Ma′anshan City in Anhui Province. 　　Key words agricultural mechanization；current situation；difference；Ma′anshan Anhui；Suihua Heilongjiang 　　为了做好暑期社会实践活动，结合所学专业，进一步了解社会，在实践中增长见识、培养社会责任感，笔者利用暑假时间针对安徽省马鞍山市和黑龙江省绥化市农业机械化发展现状作了调查，以咨询相关部门负责人和通过各种途径搜索相关文献资料的形式为主。 　　1 南北方农业机械化发展现状 　　1.1 安徽省马鞍山市农业机械化发展现状 　　1.1.1 马鞍山市农业概况。马鞍山市现辖3县3区，2012年末全市人口为228.37万人，其中农业人口144.34万人。全市土地面积4 042 km2，其中耕地面积12.5万hm2，可养水面3.