宜昌市烟田杂草种类与分布.docVIP

宜昌市烟田杂草种类与分布 　　摘要：为了明确宜昌市主要烟叶产区烟田杂草种类及分布，确定危害烟叶生产的主要杂草种类，为高产优质烟叶生产提供技术支撑，在宜昌市的秭归县、兴山县和五峰县选取了10个样点进行烟田杂草普查。结果表明，宜昌市烟田杂草种类53种，分属22科。根据杂草发生密度，宜昌市烟田杂草优势种为马唐（Digitaria sanguinalis）、尼泊尔蓼（Polygonum nepalense）和牛膝菊（Galinsoga parviflora）。根据杂草发生频度，宜昌市烟田高频杂草分别为尼泊尔蓼、铁苋菜（Acalypha australis）、马唐和牛膝菊。海拔高度对杂草的种类及分布有一定影响，杂草种类在低海拔更为丰富。 　　关键词：烟田；杂草种类；密度；频度；分布 　　中图分类号：S451.0 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2013）21-5210-04 　　Species and Distribution of Weeds in Tobacco Fields in Yichang City 　　LI Xi-hong1，XU Ru-bin1，LI Ru-hai2，CHU Shi-hai2， LIU Sheng-gao3，YUAN Yue-bin3 　　（1.Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province， Wuhan 430030， China； 2.Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Diseases，Insect Pests and Weeds Control/Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Science，Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Wuhan 430064，China； 　　3.Yichang Branch of Hubei Tobacco Company， Yichang 443000，Hubei， China） 　　Abstract： In order to clarify the weed species and distribution of main tobacco districts in Yichang， determine the major weed species harmful to tobacco production and provide technical support for improving the production and quality of tobacco，10 sample sites in tobacco fields from Zigui county， Xingshan county and Wufeng county in Yichang were selected to survey weed. The results showed there were 53 weed species belonging to 22 families in tobacco fields in Yichang. According to weed density， the dominant species were Digitaria sanguinalis， Polygonum nepalense and Galinsoga parvifl. According to weed growing frequency， weeds with high frequency were ranked as Polygonum nepalense， Acalypha australis， Digitaria sanguinalis， and Galinsoga parvifl. Moreover， altitude had certain influence on the species and distribution of weed， weed species being more abundant at lower altitude. 　　Key words： tabacco fields； species of weeds； density； frequency； distribution 　　烟田有害生物严重影响烟叶的产量和品质。烟田有害生物主要包括病、虫、草害，其中病虫害的研究较多[1-4]，在生产实际中对烟田病虫害的防治也更为重视，相对而言对烟田杂草研究的广度与深度远远不够。烟田杂草也是影响烟叶生产的重要有害生物，它与烟叶争夺光照、水分和空间，恶化田间环境，影响通风