常微分方程中变变换方法的探讨.docVIP

江西师范大学数学与信息科学学院学士学位论文 常微分方程中变量变换方法的探讨 The Study on Method of Variable-transformed in Ordinary Differential Equations 姓 名： 学 号： 学 院： 数学与信息科学学院 专 业： 数学与应用数学 指导老师： 龙 薇 （讲师） 完成时间： 2008年4月20日 常微分方程中变量变换方法的探讨 张三 【摘要】在这篇文章中，我们主要讨论用变量变换方法来求解常微分方程。文章分为三部分。首先，我们介绍了常微分方程的基本概念和变量变换方法在方程中的地位与作用。在第二部分里，我们讨论了一阶常微分方程中几种能够用变量变换方法求解的类型。例如，变量分离方程、一阶线性微分方程、一阶隐方程等等。最后，我们探讨的是几类能够用变量变换方法求解的高阶常微分方程。在这一部分里，我们先是讨论了非齐次线性方程和欧拉方程这两种二阶方程。然后再研究了几种可降阶的高阶微分方程。贯穿全文方法的就是变量变换。 【关键词】一阶常微分方程　 高阶常微分方程　 变量变换方法 The Study on Method of Variable-transformed in Ordinary Differential Equations Zhang San 【Abstract】In this paper, we mainly discuss solving ordinary differential equations by method of variable-transformed. This article is divided into three sections. In the first section, we introduce the basic concept of ordinary differential equations, and the status and role of method of variable-transformed in equations. Then, in section 2, we discuss about several types of first order ordinary differential equations, which can be solved with method of variable-transformed. For example, there are variable- separated equation, first order linear differential equation, first order implicit differential equation and so on. At last, what we study are some classes of higher order ordinary differential equations which can be solved with method of variable- transformed. In this section, we firstly introduce two second order ordinary equations, non-homogeneous linear equation and Eulers equation. Then we study some types of higher order equations which can be reduced. Throughout this paper, the method of variable-transformed is used. 【Key words】first order ordinary differential equations　 higher order ordinary differential equations　 method of variable-transformed 目录 1 引言……………………………………………………………………………………………1 2 基本概念……………………………………………………………………………1 2.1微分方程…………………………………………………………………………………1 2.2常微分方程……………………………………………………………………………1 2.3 阶数 ………………………………………………………………………………………2 2.4 线性和非线性………………………………………………………