國科會人文學研究中心『中介語研究典籍讀書會』.docVIP

國科會人文學研究中心『中介語研究典籍讀書會』 Interlanguage Pragmatics 中山大學外文系 林玉惠 語言行為研究室： 陳香伶、侯怡君、李家慧、何博欽 陳妙慈、施向怡、余秀敏、張舜齡 Interlanguage Pragmatics—Definition “the study of nonnative speakers’ use of and acquisition of linguistic action pattern in a second language (L2). (Kasper Blum-Kulka,1993: 3) Interlanguage pragmatics has consequently been defined as the study of nonnative speakers’ use of and acquisition of linguistic action pattern in a second language (L2). (Kasper Blum-Kulka, 1993: 3) History and Rationale Dates back from the 1980s Negative transfers in the production of speech acts found among nonnatives (Loveday, 1982; Riley, 1981, Schmidt Richards, 1981) Realization that pragmalinguistic/ sociopragmatic competence is important in L2 communication,--sometimes more important than other aspects of linguistic competence. (e.g, Boxer, 1995; Cohen, 1996; Koike, 1996; Nelson et al, 2002; 1995; Shih, 1986; Thomas, 1983; Wolfson, 1981, 1989) Nelson et al (2002: 164) “While native speakers often forgive the phonological, syntactic, and lexical errors made by L2 speakers, they are less likely to forgive pragmatic errors. Native speakers typically interpret pragmatic errors negatively as arrogance, impatience, rudeness, and so forth.” L2 speakers tend to have difficulty with the rules of speaking of the target language. This phenomenon holds even for Fairly advanced L2 learners (House, 1996; Eisentein and Bodman, 1993; Takahashi, 1996) NNSs (non-native speaker) who have resided in the U.S. for long periods (Hinkel, 1994) Even NNS EFL teachers (Shih, 1986) A number of studies have reported on the positive effects of instruction in the use of a variety of speech acts. (Bardovi-Harlig, 2001; Billmyer, 1990; Cohen, 1996; Cohen Olshtain, 1993; Eisenstein and Bodman, 1993; Ellis, 1992; Hinkel, 1994; Ishihara, 2001; Goldschmidt, 1996; Holmes and Brown, 1987; Kasper, 1997, 2001; King and Silver, 1993; Koike, 1989; LoCastro, 1997; Olshtain and Cohen, 1983; Rose, 2001; Takahashi