水中PCBs脱降解的室内模拟研究.docVIP

本科生毕业论文 中文题目 水中PCBs脱氯降解的室内模拟研究 英文题目 The indoor simulation of PCBs dechlorination in water 学生姓名 **** 班级 ******* 学号********** 学 院 ************** 专 业 ******** 指导教师 ****** 职称 **** 摘 要 多氯联苯（PCBs）是一类广泛分布的环境有机污染物，多氯联苯(PCBs)是一类持久性有机污染物(POPs)，由于其急性毒效应、高残留性、高富集性、远距离扩散，以及对生态系统和人类健康的影响，被国内外环境保护部门列入优先控制的有机污染物名单。修复被PCBs污染的土壤和水体，保障人类健康，以实现社会的可持续发展，是环境科研领域中非常具有理论和实际意义的课题之一。本文简介了多氯联苯的物理化学性质、环境毒性、污染状况以及国内外的研究现状。探讨了表面活性剂增溶和环糊精增溶的效果，并对PCBs脱氯以达到降解效果的方法进行了探究和比较。 本文研究了表面活性剂环糊精对PCBs的增溶效果以及溶解的最佳条件。当使用的表面活性剂（环糊精）的浓度为200mg/L时，对PCBs的增容效果最好。同时，在pH值为5-7时，溶解时间为5天以上时溶解度最高，表示增溶效果最好。 对于不同金属同多氯联苯反应，对PCBs的脱氯效果进行探究与比较。发现金属铁和锌的混合物与金属铁和中孔活性炭的混合物对PCBs均有脱氯效果。通过脱去多氯联苯上面的氯原子，使多氯联苯反应成为无毒无害的联苯。同时研究还发现金属铁和锌混合脱氯的效果比金属铁和中孔活性炭混合脱氯的效果要好。 关键词：生物表面活性剂，环糊精，PCBs，脱氯 Abstract Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is a kind of widespread environmental organic pollutants, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is a class of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) .because its nasty form poison effect, high residue, highenrichment and long-range diffusion, as well as on ecosystems and humans health. Domestic and foreign environmental protection department included it in the list of the organic pollutants which is priority control. Repair PCBs contaminated soil and water, protect human health, in order to achieve sustainable development of society, is one of the topics of the the field of environment in theoretical and practical significance. This article introduces the physical and chemical properties of PCBs, environmental toxicity, pollution, and research status at home and board.Discuss the solubilization effect of biosurfactant and cyclodextrin.And explore and prepare the methods of PCBs dechlorination in order to degradation it. We reserched solubilization effect of biosurfactant and cyclodextrin to polychlorinated biphenyls,and dissolved the best conditions.When using a biosurfactant (cyclodextrin) concentration was 200mg / L, t