半潜式海洋石油钻平台及主动游车升沉补偿系统研究.doc

摘 要 海洋石油钻井平台是勘探开发深海油气资源的关键装备Abstract The offshore oil drilling platform is one of the key equipment for deep-sea oil and gas exploration and development. In this paper, structure of semi-submersible drilling platform and positioning principle is analysed, focus on the active heave compensation system of traveling block. Semi-submersible offshore platform consists of upper platform, mat (pontoon),columns, struts and other components. The main deck of the upper platform is equipped with derrick, drawworks, top drive system, rotary and other drilling modules. This study include: 500m depth anchored semi-submersible platform positioning mode and load curve and mooring location capability of a semi-submersible platform, composition anslysis of dynamic positioning system. In this paper, hook load is determined by the maximum bottom hole assembly. The structure and size of compensation cylinder is determined by the hook load. And the stability of the piston rod Pcr was checked. For the control parameters of the active heave compensation system, the hydraulic circuit is designed and presented in detail; data as pressure Pn, traffic Qpmax, tubing inside diameter dp and other parameters are listed. This study has theoretical significance for design of the active traveling block. Key words: Semi-submersible;drilling platform;Active Compensation;Drilling Module;anchor moored positioning 目 录 第1章 绪论 1 1.1海洋油气资源现状 1 1.2石油开采由陆地转向海洋 1 1.3海洋石油钻井平台简介 2 1.4半潜式钻井平台发展概况 4 1.5世界级深水钻井平台海洋石油981 10 第2章 平台稳定性及定位原理分析 12 2.1平台稳定性分析 12 2.2平台定位 18 第3章 深海半潜式钻井平台钻井包 33 3.1起升系统设备 33 3.2旋转系统设备 40 3.3循环系统设备 49 3.4深水钻井防喷器组 52 第4章主动式游车升沉补偿系统 56 4.1升沉补偿系统简介 56 4.2主动游车升沉补偿系统工作原理 58 4.3主动升沉补偿系统设计参数选取及计算 62 4.4主动游车升沉补偿系统控制 72 结论 77 参考文献 78 致 谢 80 第1章 绪论 1.1海洋油气资源现状 世界海洋石油资源量占全球石油资源总量的34%，全球海洋石油蕴藏量约1000亿吨，其中已探明储量约为380亿吨。全球范围内，海上油气资源有44%分布在300m以上的深水域，已于深水区发现了33个储量超过七千万吨的大型油气田。墨西哥湾、北海、北非、巴西以及南中国海域，都是开发海洋石油资源的重要活动场所。海洋深度的平均值却高达3730m，全世界海洋深度在0-200m的大陆架仅占7.49%的海洋面积，200-1000m的占4.42%， 1-3km的占12.88%， 而水深在6km